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farmacologia > MCC > Flashcards

MCC Flashcards

1
Q

antipsicoticos tipicos

A

clorpromazina
flufenazina
haloperidol
droperidol
zuclopentisol
pimozida

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2
Q

antipsicoticos atipicos

A

clozapina
olanzapina
quetiapina
disperidona
sulpiride
aripriprazol

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3
Q

que antispicoticos son mejores: tipicos o atipicos?

A

atipicos: menos RAMs extrapiramidales, mayor eficacion sobre sintomas negativos, mayor eficacioa en pacientes con resistencia, mejor perfil de los receptores

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4
Q

mecanismo de accion de antispicoticos atipicos

A

antagonismo 5-HT2 y D2/4 (serotonina y dopamina

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5
Q

mecanismo de accion de antipsicoticos tipicos

A

antagonismo D2

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6
Q

RAMs comunes de antipsicoticos

A

extrapiramidales (contracciones involuntarias)
neuroendocrinos (hiperprolactinemia, domapina inhibe su produccion)
sedacion (antagonista H1)
ganancia de peso (antagonista 5-HT2)
neutropenia
hipotension
diabetes tipo 2 (resistencia insulina)

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7
Q

por que ocurren RAMs en antipsicoticos

A

bloqueo colateral de las vias nigroestriadas = causando trastornos de movimiento (sintomas extrapiramidales)
bloqueo colateral de las via tuberoinfundibulares = hiperprolactinemia

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8
Q

indicaciones de antispicoticos

A

esquizofrenia + psicosis
crisis aguda de mania
antiemeticos (sulpiride para cancer)
dolor cronico/ neuropatico
neuroleptoanestesia (sedacion para cirugia)

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9
Q

tipos de analgesicos

A

opiaceos
AINEs
anestesicos locales
antidepresivos
antiepilepticos

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10
Q

analgesicos opiaceos

A

morfina
codeina = tos
fentanilo = sedacion
dextrometorfano = tos (para niños)
tramadol
oxicodona
loperamida = ayuda diarrea
noscapina
buprenorfina

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11
Q

opiaceos agonistas parciales

A

buprenorfina

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12
Q

opiaceos agonistas puros

A

morfina
codeina = tos
fentanilo = sedacion
dextrometorfano = tos (para niños)
tramadol
oxicodona
loperamida = ayuda diarrea
noscapina

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13
Q

RAMs de opiaceos

A

depresion respiratoria
nausea, vomitos
estreñimiento
alergias
adiccion
hipotension postural

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14
Q

tipos de AINEs

A

salicilatos
paraasminofenoles
pirazolonas
derivados del acido propionico
derivados del acido acetico
oxicams
inhibidores de la COX-2

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15
Q

AINEs salicilatos

A

acido acetil salicilico

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16
Q

AINEs paraaminofenoles

A

paracetamol (no tiene accion antiinflamatoria)

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17
Q

AINEs pirazolonas

A

metamizol

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18
Q

AINEs derivados del acido propionico

A

ibuprofeno

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19
Q

AINEs derivados del acido acetico

A

diclofenaco

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20
Q

AINEs oxicams

A

piroxicam

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21
Q

AINEs inhibidores de la COX-2

A

celecoxib
etoricoxib
parecoxib

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22
Q

RAMs de AINEs

A

inhiben COX1 y 2 = irritacion gastrica, diarrea, estreñimiento, nauseas, vomitos, hemorragias, ulceras, alteraciones funcion renal, anticoagulante, alergias

inhiben COX2 = efectos cardovasculares

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23
Q

indicacion de AINEs

A

analgesia, antipiretico y antiinflamatorio

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24
Q

mecanismo de anestesicos locales

A

inhiben conductos de sodio en neurona = no hay transmision del mensaje doloroso

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25
Q

RAMs de anestesicos locales

A

irritacion de mucosas, alergia

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26
Q

como afecta la liposolubilidad y la union a proteinas a la eficacia de anestesia local

A

+ liposoluble = mas accion
+ unido a proteinas = mas potente

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27
Q

tratamientos de migraña

A

AINEs
triptanes
derivados ergoticos
erenumab

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28
Q

tratamiento profilactico de migraña

A

beta bloqueantes
analgesicos
botox
antidepresivos

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29
Q

triptanes para migraña

A

sumatriptan
solzmitriptan
naratriptan

30
Q

mecanismo de accion de triptanes para migrañas

A

agonista 5-HT1, inhiben la neurona, efecto vasoconstritor (1b) y antiinflamatorio (1d), atenuacion de la excitabilidad de las neuronas troncoencefalicas (CNV)

31
Q

mecanismo de accion de derivados ergoticos para migrañas

A

agonistas 1b y 1d de receptored alfa y dopamina = mas RAMs que triptanes

32
Q

mecanismo de accion de erenumab para migrañas

A

bloquea receptores relacionados con la calcitonina/ CGRP = inhibe la activacion de CNV = no dolor

33
Q

mecanismos de accion para farmacos del deterioro cognitivo

A

inhibicion de acetilcolinesterasa
farmacos sintomaticos

34
Q

farmacos sintomaticos del deterioro cognitivo

A

anti-AchE
antagonistas NMDA de glutamato
psicofarmacos

35
Q

farmacos anti-AchE para el deterioro cognitivo

A

donepecilo
rivastigmina
galantimina

36
Q

farmacos antagonistas de NMDA de glutamato en deterioro cognitivo

A

memantina

37
Q

psicofarmacos para deterioro cognitivo

A

neurlepticos
antidepresivos
benzodiacepinas

38
Q

inhibidores de AchE que no pueden atravesar la BHE

A

neostigmina
piridostigmina

39
Q

tipos de antimaniaticos

A

sales de litio
antiepilepticos
antipsicoticos

40
Q

mecanismo de accion de sales de litio

A

bloquean el ciclo fosfatidilinositoles

41
Q

antiepilepticos antimaniaticos

A

carbamazepina
acido valproico
lamotrigina

42
Q

mecanismos de accion antidepresivos

A

inhibicion recaptacion noradrenalina + serotonina
inhibicion degradacion (MAO)

43
Q

tipos de inhibidores de recaptacion de NA y 5-HT2

A

triciclos clasicos
inhibidores de recaptacion 5-HT2
inh. recaptacion 5-HT2 y NA

44
Q

inhibidores recaptacion 5-HT2

A

fluoxetina
citalopram

45
Q

inhibidores recaptacion NA y 5-HT2

A

renlafaxina
duloxetina

46
Q

triciclos clasicos antidepresivos

A

imipramina
clomipramina

47
Q

inhibidores de la degradacion de NA y 5-HT2

A

selectivos de MAO A
no selectivos de MAO A y B

48
Q

inhibidores selectivos de MAO A antidepresivos

A

moclobemina
(reversible)

49
Q

inhibidores de MAO A y B antidepresivos

A

tranilcipromina
(irreversible)

50
Q

RAMs comunes de antidepresivos

A

son anticolinergicos = sequedad boca, retencion urinaria, vision borrosa, estreñimiento

51
Q

mecanismos de accion de antiepilepticos

A

inhibcion canales sodio
inhibicion canales calcio
potenciacion GABA
inhibicion glutamato
inhibicion liberacion neurotransmisores

52
Q

inhibidores canales de sodio antiepilepticos

A

fenitoina
carbamazepina
valproato

53
Q

inhibidores canales de calcio antiepilepticos

A

estosuximiba
gabapentina
pregabalina

54
Q

mecanismo de accion de potenciadores de GABA antiepilepticos

A

inhibicion degradacion/ transaminasas GABA (GAT)
inhibicion recaptacion
agonista GABA A

55
Q

inhibidores de la degradacion de GABA antiepilepticos

A

vigabatrina

56
Q

inhibidores de recaptacion GABA antiepilepticos

A

tiagabina

57
Q

agonistas GABA A antiepilepticos

A

benzodiacepinas
barbituos

58
Q

benzodiacepinas antiepilepticas

A

lorazepina
diazepina
clonazepam

59
Q

baributos antiepilepticos

A

fenobarbital
(veterinario)

60
Q

mecanismo de accion de inhibidores de glutamato antiepilepticos

A

bloqueo receptor NMDA
bloqueo receptor AMPA

61
Q

bloqueadores de receptores NMDA antiepilepticos

A

felbamato

62
Q

bloqueadores de receptores AMPA antiepilepticos

A

topiramato

63
Q

inhibidores de neurotransmisores antiepilepticos

A

levetiracetam

64
Q

benzodiacepinas accion corta

A

midazolam

65
Q

benzodiacepinas accion media

A

lormetazepam
lorazepam

66
Q

benzodiacepinas accion larga

A

flurazepam

67
Q

tipos de ansiolitocos no benzodiacepinas

A

antagonistas beta-adrenergicos
antihistaminicos
anticonvulsionantes
neurolepticos

68
Q

antagonistas beta-adrenergicos ansioliticos

A

propanolol

69
Q

anti histaminicos ansioliticos

A

hidroxizina

70
Q

anticonvulsionantes ansioliticos

A

pregabalina

farmacologia (6 decks)

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