MCAT Quicksheets Bio Flashcards
Are humans eukaryotes or prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Describe the nucleus
Contains all genetic material necessary for cell reproduction
Describe the mitochondrion
Location of many metabolic processes and ATP production
Describe lysosomes
Membrane bound structures containing hydrolytic enzymes capable of breaking down many different substrates
Describe the rough ER
Interconnected membranous structure with ribosomes on the outside
Protein synthesis site of proteins destined for insertion into a membrane or secretion
Describe the smooth ER
Interconnected membranous where lipid synthesis and detoxification occurs
Describe the Golgi apparatus
Membrane bound sacs where posttranslational modification of proteins occurs
Describe peroxisomes
Organelle containing hydrogen peroxide
Site of beta oxidation of very long chain fatty acids
Describe the fluid mosaic model
Phospholipid bilayer with cholesterol and embedded proteins
Describe the exterior of the fluid mosaic model
Hydrophilic phosphate heads
Describe the interior of the fluid mosaic model
Hydrophobic fatty acids
What is the cell theory
All living things are composed of cells
The cell is the basic unit of life
Cell arise ONLY from preexisiting cells
What are the stages of cell division
G1 S G2 M Mitosis Meiosis
What is the G1 stage
Cell increases its organelles and cytoplasm
What is the S stage
DNA replication
What is the G2 stage
Same as G1
What is M stage
cell divides in two
What are the stages of early development
Cleavage
Implantation
Gastrulation
Neurulation
Describe Cleavage
Mitotic divisions
Describe implantation
Embryo implants during blastula stage
Describe Gastrulation
Ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm form
Describe Neurulation
Germ layers develop a nervous system