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MCAT 2022 > Identity and Personality (chp 6) > Flashcards

Identity and Personality (chp 6) Flashcards

1
Q

Androgyny

A

State of being both VERY masculine and VERY feminine at the same time

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2
Q

Ethnic Identity

A

Part of ones identity associated with membership in a particular racial/ethnic group

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3
Q

Gender Identity

A

a persons appraisal of themself based on a scale of masculinity and femininity

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4
Q

Gender Schema

A

theory that gender identity is transmitted through cultural and societal means

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5
Q

Identity

A

Individual components of our self concept related to the groups that we belong to

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6
Q

Nationality

A

Built on political borders

result of shared history, media, national symbols

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7
Q

Self Concept

A

The awareness of ourself distinct from others and our own internal answers to “who am I”

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8
Q

Self Schema

A

How we define ourselves

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9
Q

Undifferentiated

A

low scores on both masculinity and femininity

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10
Q

Hierarchy of salience

A

letting the situation dictate which identity hold the most importance for us at any given moment

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11
Q

Self Discrepancy Theory

A

Each of us has 3 selves and the perceived differences between these selves lead to negative feelings

  1. Ought
  2. Actual
  3. Ideal
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12
Q

Actual Self

A

The way which we see ourselves as we currently are

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13
Q

Ideal Self

A

The person we would like to be

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14
Q

Ought Self

A

Our representation of the way others think we should be

how we “ought” to be

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15
Q

Self Esteem

A

Self worth

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16
Q

Self efficacy

A

Our belief in our ability to succeed/do a certain task

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17
Q

Overconfidence

A

leads us to take on tasks we are not ready for. Leading to frustration, humiliation, and sometimes personal injury

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18
Q

Learned Helplessness

A

Perceived lack of control over the outcome of a situation

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19
Q

Locus of control

A

The way we characterize the influences in our lives

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20
Q

Internal Locus of Control

A

People view they have control of their own fate

21
Q

External Locus of Control

A

The events in their lives are caused by luck or outside influences

22
Q

Freud

A

Psychosexual Development

23
Q

Libido: Freud

A

Sex drive (is present at birth)

24
Q

Freud’s 5 Stages

A
  1. Oral Stage
  2. Anal stage
  3. Phallic/Oedipal Stage
  4. Latency Stage
  5. Genital Stage
25
Q

Oral Stage

A

0-1 yrs old
Libidinal energy centered on mouth
putting objects in mouth, biting sucking

26
Q

Anal Stage

A

1-3 yrs old
Libido centered on anus and gratification gained through pooping
potty training phase

27
Q

Phallic (Oedipal Stage)

A 
3-5 yrs old
Oedipal conflict (males): Child (male) envies fathers relationship with mother
Electra Conflict (females)
28
Q

Latency Stage

A

Lasts until puberty is reached

29
Q

Genital Stage

A

Begins at puberty, lasts through adulthood

30
Q

Erikson

A

Psychosocial Development

31
Q

Psychosocial Development

A

Personality development is driven by successful resolution of a series of social and emotional conflicts

32
Q

What are the 6 emotional Conflicts

A
  1. Trust vs. Mistrust
  2. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
  3. Initiative vs. guilt
  4. Industry vs. inferiority
  5. Identity vs. role confusion
  6. Intimacy vs. isolation
  7. Generativity vs. stagnation
  8. Integrity vs. Despair
33
Q

Trust vs. Mistrust

A

0-1

Can I trust the world

34
Q

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

A

1 to 3 yrs old

Is it ok to be me

35
Q

Initiative vs. guilt

A

3-6 years old

Is it ok for me to do, move, and act

36
Q

Industry vs. inferiority

A

6-12 yrs

Can I make it in the world of people and things

37
Q

Identity vs. role confusion

A

12-20

Who am I, What can i be

38
Q

Intimacy vs. isolation

A

20-40
Can I love
focus on creating long lasting bonds with others

39
Q

Generativity vs. stagnation

A

40-65
Can i make my life count
focus on advancing present and future society

40
Q

Integrity vs. Despair

A

65+
Is it ok to have been me
wisdom
assurance in meaning of life

41
Q

Kohlberg

A

Moral Reasoning

42
Q

Preconventional Morality

A

Preadolescence

Obedience: avoiding punishment
Self interest: Gaining rewards

43
Q

Conventional Morality

A

Adolescence to adulthood
Understanding and accepting social rules
Conformity: Approval of others
Law and Order: maintains social order

44
Q

Postconventional Morality

A

Adulthood
Social Contract: moral rules designed to ensure greater good
Universal Human Ethics

45
Q

Role Taking

A

Child begins to understand perspectives and roles of others

Playing house

46
Q

Theory of Mind

A

Ability to sense how another’s mind works

47
Q

Looking glass self

A

Our understanding of how others see us

48
Q

Reference Group

A

The group we use as a standard to evaluate ourselves

MCAT 2022 (12 decks)

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