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Step Wrong Qs > May 18 > Flashcards

May 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Hypocellularity with fatty infiltration

A

Bone marrow supression -> aplastic anemia

Chloramphenicol

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2
Q

Misoprostol

A

Prostoglandin E1 analog
Allows for reduction of acid secretion, increased barrier
ConInd in pregnancy bc induce labor

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3
Q

Bleomycin

A

Used for: testicular tumor (first line)
Complex with Fe2+. Pulmonary toxicity, skin changes, alpecia.
CT: cystic degeneration of posterior lung base with interstitial thickening.

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4
Q

HCTZ

A

Thiazide diuretics inhibit Na reabsorption in early distal tubule
K wasting.

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5
Q

Myotonic dystrophy

A 
Type 1: young
Type 2: later
Proximal muscle weakness (walking up stairs, rising from chair)
Delayed relaxation ofmuscle. 
CCTG repeat in CNBP gene.
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6
Q

Cherry red spot in macula

A

Tay Sachs
And
Nieman Pick (Hepatosplenomegaly)
Both AR.

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7
Q

Tay Sachs

A 
Hexosaminadase A (acts from GM2 to GM3)
Cherry red spto on macula
Lysosomes with onion skin
Progressive neurodegeneration
Loss of milestones
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8
Q

Rituximab

A

Anti-CD20

For large B cell lymphoma.

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9
Q

Monday disease

A

Nitroglycerine withdrawl (vasoD) leads to headaches, dizziness, palpitations on mondays.

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10
Q

Fluoxetine

A

SSRI (Floaxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, certaline) FAT PUSSY CANT COME.
Best for suicidal ideation

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11
Q

Metformin

A

Lactic acidosis. (Normal = 8-12)
anion gap high = MUDPILES (methanol, uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, paraldehyde, isoniazid, lactic acidosis, ehtylene glycol, salicylates).

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12
Q

virilization of C. Diptheriae

A

Phage infection and transmission of exotoxin

Also, S. Pyogenes, C. Botulinum

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13
Q

Mask hypoglycemia

A

Nonselective beta blockers (N-Z)

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14
Q

Serotonin snydrome

A

Combining SSRIs with MAO.

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15
Q

Lithium toxicity

A

Memory impairement, lethargy, coarse hand tremors

Blurred vision, hyperreflexia. Diabetes inspideous.

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16
Q

Lithium neonatal complication

A

Increased Ebstein
Downward displacement of tricuspid. Adheres to right ventricle wall. = large atrium, small ventricle, thin proximal right atrium

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17
Q

Zileuton

A

Asthma

5-lipoxogenase inhibitor (blocks arachodinoic acid to leukotriene)

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18
Q

MEN II (A/B)

A

RET protooncogene mutated.

Autosomal Dominant

19
Q

Methimazole

A

Inhibits endogenous syntehsis of thyroxine

Drug of choice for excessive thyroid hormone secretion

20
Q

Clindamycin MoA

A

Blocks 50s ribosomal subunit

21
Q

Macrolide moa

A

Bind 23S rRNA

22
Q

Adenosine

A

Abolish atrioventricular nodal arrythmia (like paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, PSVT).
Hyperpolarizes AV, conduction slowed.

23
Q

Tacrolimus

A 
Metabolized by 3A
Inhibits calcineurin (preventing IL2 trancription)
24
Q

Milk of magnesia

A 
Reflux medication (magnesium hydroxide)
Cause diarrhea, volume deplretion, and fatigue
25
Q

Treatment for subacute endocarditis

A

Strep viridans

Penicillin w or w/o aminoglycosides

26
Q

Benzodiazepine toxicity

A

Flumazenil

27
Q

Inhibit VEGF

A

Ranibizumab
Pegptanib
Used for age-related macular degenration and colon, breast, non-small cell cancer

28
Q

HIT

A

Heprain induced thrombocytopenia

Stop and replace with thrombin inhibitor (lepirudim, bivalirudin, dabigatran, argatroban)

29
Q

Thyroid precurosr

A

Tyrosine

But phenylalanine is a precursor to thyrosine

30
Q

Floroquinolones precaution

A

Divalent cations

31
Q

Cisplatin

A

Alkylating agent

Nephrotoxicity and acoustic nerve damage (hearing loss)

32
Q

TCA toxicity

A

Nortriptyline
Coma, Convulsions, Caridotox (sinus tach).
Anticholinergic effects

33
Q

Hodkin lymphoma

A 
Owl eye inclusions
treatment:
AVDB 
Adriamycin (doxorubacin)
Bleomycine
Vinblastine
Dacarbazine
34
Q

Midline fusion of neural folds

A

Third week fo fetal life. By 4 if no closure = neural tube defects
B9, folate, protects
Bipolar, epilepsy, or valproate use = increase risk

35
Q

Define parastesia

36
Q

Progressive fatigue, lower extremity parestesia, megalobalstic RBCs

A 
Pernitious anemia (leads to atrophic gastritus). 
Upper glandular tissue affected (under collumnar cells)
37
Q

Suppression

A

Puts aside unpleasant thoughts to better cope with reality

38
Q

Heteroplasmy

A

Mitochondrial inheritence being different b/c of mitochondria received

39
Q

Mechanical RBC destruction

A

Common with prostetic valve. Excessive shear

40
Q

Internal branch of laryngeal nerve

A

When bone stuck in throat

Lose cough reflex

41
Q

Amiodarone

A 
Class 3 antiarryhtmic
QT prolonged, sinus bradyC. 
Interstitial pneumonitis
Hypothyroid, hyperthyroid
Hepatitis
Optic neuropathy
Blue/gray skin
Peripheral neuropathy
42
Q

PaO2 and PaCO2 in exercise

A

Close to resting value b/c of componseation.

Hyper ventilation, improved V/Q matching

43
Q

Laplace law

A

For alveolar pressure
P=2T/r
T is surface tension, radius is r.
Smaller collapses.

44
Q

Vitamin D

A

7deOHcholesterol to D3/D2 (dietary) in skin
D3 to 25OH2D (25 hydroxylase)
25OH2D to 1,25D(1-alpha-hydroxylase)

Step Wrong Qs (10 decks)

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