Maxillofacial Trauma Flashcards
What is AMPLE history?
Allergies Medications Past med history Last eaten Events leading up to injury
If there is trauma to the nose or medial orbit, you should suspect?
Naso-ethmoidal/Orbital fractures.
How do blowout fractures occur?
When the globe of the eyeball sustains a direct blunt force.
What are the two types of zygoma fractures?
- Arch (most common)
2. Tripod (malar) (most serious).
Tripod fractures consist of fractures through the what?
- Zygomatic arch
- Zygomaticofrontal suture
- Infraorbital rim and floor of orbit.
What are maxillary fractures classified as?
LeFort Fractures.
What is a LeFort I fracture?
Horizontal fracture of maxilla at level of nasal fossa. Allows motion of maxilla while nasal bridge remains stable.
What is LeFort II Fracture?
Pyrimidal fracture of maxilla, nasal bones, and medial aspect of orbits. Movement of maxilla and nose.
What is LeFort III fractures? Clinical findings?
Fracture through the maxilla, zygoma, nasal bones, ethmoid bones, and base of skull.
- Dish faced deformity
- Severe airway obstruction.
What is TNM staging for oral carcinoma?
Tumor, Node, and Metastasis.
WHat is the T staging of cancer?
Tx= Info not known TO= tumor cant be seen, but carcinoma in situ T1= Tumor is 2 cm T2= Tumor is 2 -4 cm T3= Tumor larger than 4 cm T4a= Tumor big enough to grow in nearby structures T4b= Tumor growing in nearby structures and deep.
What is N stage of cancer?
NX= Lymph nodes cant be assesed
NO= Oral cancer has not spread
NI= Cancer has spread to one lymph node on same side of head/neck less than 3 cm
N2a=Spread to 1 lymph same side 3-6 cm
N2b= Spread to 2 or morelymph same side, no larger than 6 cm.
N3c= Spread to 2 or more lymph both side no larger than 6 cm.
N3=Cancer spread to a lymph node thats bigger than 6 cm
What is M stage of cancer?
MO= No distant spread MI= spread.
What is closed reduction fixation? Open internal reduction fixation?
Closed= wire the jaw shut Open= Plate the bone.
