Matter And Mictures Flashcards
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Mass
Is the amount or matter in an object
Three stated of matter
Solids, liquids and gases
Properties of solids
1.solids have a define shape
2.solids have a definite volume
3.solids cannot be compressed
4.solids cannot flow
Liquids
1.liquids have no define shape
2.liquids have no definite volume
3.liquids cannot be compressed
4.liquids can flow
Gases
- Gases have no defined shape
- Gases have no definite volume
- Gases can be compressed
- Gases can flow
Heat energy
In order for a substance to change shape (from a solid to a liquid, or a liquid to a glass) it needs heat energy.
Latent heat
As a substance changes shape it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature but the state of the material changes.
The melting point
Is when both the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid to a mixture).
The boiling point
The boiling point of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid (changing from a liquid to a gas).
Condensation
Is the changing from a gas to a liquid
Diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration e.g. spray perfume in one corner of the room and it spreads to the other area of the room.
Plasma
Is the fourth state of matter. Itβs like gas and but can conduct electricity.
Mixture
A mixture consists of two or more substances mingles together but not chemically combined e.g. sand and water.
What are the four methods of separating mixtures
Filtration,evaporation,distillation,chromatography
Filtration
Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve into liquid) from a liquid by using a filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids.
Evaporation
Used to separate soluble solids (dissolve into liquids) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids e.g. salt water.
Insoluble
Does not dissolve in a liquid
Soluble
Dissolves in a liquid
Residue
The soil left in the filter paper after filtration
Distillation
Method of separation used to separate a soluble liquid and its solvent, or two miscible liquids with two different boiling points
Miscible
Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and water
Liebig condenser
Piece of equipment used in distillation in which cool water flows to condense steam to water.