Human Reproduction

Question 1

Ovaries

Answer 1

Store and release eggs

Question 2

Fallopian tubes

Answer 2

Carries the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here

Question 3

Uterus

Answer 3

Is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and find nourishment

Question 4

Cervix

Answer 4

Leads from the vagina to the uterus

Question 5

Vagina

Answer 5

Holds the male penis durning sexual intercourse

Question 6

Ovulation

Answer 6

An egg is released from the ovary an average of every 28 days

Question 7

When is the egg released?

Answer 7

On day 13-15 of the menstrual cycle and it passes along the fallopian tube to the uterus

Question 8

Menstruation/period

Answer 8

The lining and a small amount of blood pass through the vagina (day-5)

Question 9

Fertile period

Answer 9

These are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant.

Question 10

Menopause

Answer 10

Signals the end of a female’s ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstrual cycle. It happens at different ages for different people, typically in the late 40’s to early 50’s.

Question 11

Testes

Answer 11

Produce sperm

Question 12

Scrotum

Answer 12

is where the testes are, it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm

Question 13

epididymis

Answer 13

is a coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully.

Question 14

Vas deferens

Answer 14

(sperm duct) brings the sperm from the testes to the penis

Question 15

seminal vesicles, prostate gland and Cowper’s gland

Answer 15

produces seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen, it nourishes the sperm and allow them to swim.

Question 16

Penis

Answer 16

enters the female and ejaculates semen

Question 17

Puberty

Answer 17

describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature (reproductive organs develop). It normally happens between the ages of 10 and 16

Question 18

Male puberty

Answer 18

In males, sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm

Question 19

Female puberty

Answer 19

In females when the sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop, hips widen, and hair begins to grow on the body
• The first egg is released from the ovaries which leads to the first period occurring

Question 20

Fertilisation

Answer 20

During intercourse the man’s penis fills with blood and becomes hard enough to be placed inside the woman’s vagina
• A mixture of sperm cells and seminal fluid called semen is released into the vagina
• The sperm swim up the uterus and into the fallopian tubes

If an egg is present in the fallopian tube, and a couple have sexual intercourse, then one of the sperm cells may fuse with it
• The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse together to form a fertilised egg
• The woman is now pregnant

Question 21

Embryo

Answer 21

The fertilised egg then divides a number of times and the tiny group of cells moves down the fallopian tubes to the uterus
• This group of cells settles into the lining of the uterus and continues to divide to form an embryo

Question 22

The stages of the baby durning pregnancy

Answer 22

• Egg and sperm fuse to form a single
• → Zygote
• Cell division occurs and growth
• → Embryo, which attaches to the lining of the uterus (implantation) grows more, and after 8 weeks looks like a human
• →Foetus

• The uterus lining does not break down so menstruation stops during pregnancy

Question 23

Pregnancy

Answer 23

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks
• As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid
• This fluid provides a cushion for the embryo

Question 24

Amniotic fluid

Answer 24

As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid

Question 25

umbilical cord

Answer 25

A tube that joins the embryo to the placenta

Question 26

Placenta

Answer 26

• The placenta is rich in blood vessels
• food and oxygen from the mothers blood pass into the baby’s blood
• wastes such as Carbon dioxide pass from the baby’s blood into the mothers

Question 27

Labour

Answer 27

The birth of a baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract

Question 28

“waters break”

Answer 28

The bag of amniotic fluid bursts and further contractions push the baby out usually head first, through the vagina

Question 29

Afterbirth

Answer 29

The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta (afterbirth) comes out after

Question 30

lactation

Answer 30

The production of breast milk

Question 31

Colostrum

Answer 31

The first three days of milk- very nutritious, and helps protect the baby from infection

Question 32

Natural methods of contraception

Answer 32

aims to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period

Question 33

Artificial methods of contracept

Answer 33

prevents the sperm and egg meeting