massage

Question 1

how to perform

Answer 1

informed consent, contraindications, record pain levels, position/expose/cover, use lubricant

LL - supine/prone, pillow under knees/head, towel under ankle
UL - sitting, arm resting on pillow

stroking
effleurage LL/UL/trunk - V, pisiform, flat hand, circulation (whole limb)
petrissage - kneading, picking up and wringing
tapotement - clapping, hacking, brushing, pinching

Question 2

contraindications

Answer 2

MSK: open wounds, after immobilisation, fractures, tumours, Intramuscular haematoma/blood clots
CR: infection
CV: haemophilia, internal bleeding, acute inflammation, blood clots, atherosclerosis, rise in blood pressure
N:

Question 3

precautions

Answer 3

cancer, oedema, skin conditions, allergy, radiotherapy, disease, diabetes, inflammation

Question 4

rational

Answer 4

manipulation of soft tissues
has physiological + psychological effects to help lower pain, stress and fatigue, mobilise, recover after exercise/immobilisation
relaxes muscles, improves circulation, RoM
helps tissue bruising + scar tissue

Question 5

physiological effects

Answer 5

Lymphatic drainage, CO2 removed, increased arterial flow, more O2, nutrients, reduced inflammation
Erythema, red skin, more blood flow
Removing fatigue & stiffness, joint RoM,
Parasympathetic activity
Sweating
Relaxation hormones/decreased stress
decreased muscle tone & tension, more compliant

Question 6

structures

Answer 6

soft tissue + muscles stretched under pressure, increasing elasticity/compliance/flexibility, fluid removed to lymph nodes, circulation encouraged in 1 direction

Question 7

principles

Answer 7

don’t break contact
Constant communication & consent
Physio sways/squats, doesn’t bend back
use lubricant to reduce skin friction
respect p dignity

stroking to assess/start/end
effleurage for circulation
petrissage to mobilise
tapotement to stimualte