Mass Movement

Question 1

Fall Mass Movement

Answer 1

Fragments of rock falling from cliff - scree slope at bottom
Igneous, impermeable rock (crystalline) - horizontal
Mechanical weathering + hydraulic action exploit joints + fragments rock
Wave erosion makes wave cut notch to weaken material above

Question 2

Topple Mass Movement

Answer 2

Layers of rock leaning then toppling over
Igneous, impermeable rock (crystalline) - seaward dip
Erosion undercuts cliff face to weaken rock - abrasion since fallen material used to strike cliff face

Question 3

Translational slide

Answer 3

Layer of rock slides along the other
Sedimentary (clastic) on igneous (crystalline) - steep seaward dip
S is porous so saturates, I is impermeable so makes lubricant layer
Abrasion undercuts for wave cut notch + prolonged rainfall saturates

Question 4

Rotational slumping

Answer 4

Rock slides along curved fault
Sedimentary, porous (clastic) - seaward dip
Prolong rainfall saturates + increases weight
Hydrolysis - rain mixed with sediment to make clay

Question 5

Mudflow

Answer 5

Unconsolidated material mixes with stream of water

Produces mud flow that goes down slope