Mary Queen of Scots and the Perception of Female Rulers Flashcards
When was Mary crowned the Queen of Scotland?
1542 - 6 days after her father’s death
What treaty did Scotland have with Henry VIII?
Mary was to wed Edward VI in order to protect the Tudor line. Mary had a strong claim to the English throne as her grandmother was the sister of Henry VIII
Give 2 events in the Anglo-Scottish Wars
- 1544 - Edinburgh sacked
* 1546 - Murder of Cardinal Beaton (Scottish Cardinal)
Which 2 events occurred in 1547?
Death of Henry VIII and the Battle of Pinkie (English victory)
How did Scotland avoid an English marriage and what was its consequence?
1548 - Mary travelled to France and was betrothed to Francis
1558 - Loss of Scottish independence as Mary married Francis
Who was John Knox?
A Protestant Reformer with a strong hatred towards female rulers, especially Mary due to being Catholic
When did Elizabeth I inherit the English throne?
1558
When did Mary of Guise and Francis II die?
1560
When did Mary return to Scotland and why did she have a dispute with John Knox?
1561 - she wanted a Catholic mass
On what condition was Mary allowed to hold a Catholic mass?
She wouldn’t interfere with the Protestant Reformation and maintain peace with France, Spain and England
Why were both Protestants and Catholics hostile to Mary?
Protestants - for continuing Catholicism
Catholics - for refusing to quash Protestantism
When did Mary marry Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley?
1565
What was the Crown of Matrimonial and what did Mary’s refusal result in?
Henry’s right to be King upon Mary’s death or lack of an heir
Henry joined Scottish nobles in the murder of David Riccio (one of Mary’s closest friends) in 1566
When was Darnley murdered and who did Mary marry after?
1567 - Mary married James Hepburn (Earl of Bothwell)
What was the response to Mary’s marriage to Hepburn?
The nobility rebelled and demanded Mary divorce Bothwell
