James VI: Regal Union and Gaelic Scotland

Question 1

When were the North Berwick Witch Trials?

Answer 1

1590-91

Question 2

What were James’ views on the monarchy?

Answer 2

That the monarch had the Divine Right of Kings and only God could depose them from the throne (went against Buchanan’s ideas of the monarch answered to the people)

Question 3

When was the Catholic plot against James (Guy Fawkes) and what did it mean for Catholics?

Answer 3

1605 - James believed he had to tolerate Catholicism in England but the situation worsened for them due to suspicions of a Catholic revolution

Question 4

Give 3 events of the Post-Reformation Crisis

Answer 4

• 1572 - Death of John Knox
• St Bartholomew’s Day (Massacre in France)
• Catholics martyred in England

Question 5

Define Episcopacy and why did James support it?

Answer 5

Government of a Church by bishops

James would contribute to who the bishops would be so that he had absolute power over the regime

Question 6

What is a Catechism?

Answer 6

Set questions and responses in order to inculcate orthodox beliefs

Question 7

When was the King James Bible created?

Answer 7

1611

Question 8

When was the Union of Crowns and what did James introduce to England?

Answer 8

1603 - the agenda of divine right and sovereignty

Question 9

What did James’ absence in Scotland create?

Answer 9

A power vacuum

Question 10

How did the union attack the traditional society of Scotland?

Answer 10

• Orkney and Shetland - brought within Scottish control:

• Stewart Earls Robert and Patrick were executed
• Norse law abolished
• Grahams are forcibly transported to Ireland
• Patronage

Question 11

Give 3 aspects of James’ highland policy

Answer 11

• Plantation - intended to plant lowlanders in the highlands (enforce Protestantism in the highlands)
• Deracination - removing the Gaelic culture of the highlanders
• Extirpation - total destruction of the uncooperative highlanders

Question 12

What was the Persecution of Clan MacGregor?

Answer 12

James ordered for Clan Campbell to murder members of Clan Macgregor and those who aided them; disliked them due to raids on lowlands and their claimed descent from King Kenneth MacAlpin (threat to divine right of kings)

Question 13

Give 3 ways in which clan chiefs were reduced of their power

Answer 13

• Galley ships destroyed
• Children sent to the lowlands for education
• Weapons restricted