Martini Flashcards
MEDICAL GUIDELINES
Help doctors understand the best ways to diagnose, treat and prevent disease and conditions
BAYESAN PROBABILITY
Probability is a belief that something is true given certain amount of evidence.
We have
- priors ( initial credence that something is true)
- posteriors
DAVID SACKETT- EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE
Doctors personal judgment is important, but it cannot be the only source of practical medical knowledge
DAVID SACKETT- EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE
Doctors personal judgment is important, but it cannot be the only source of practical medical knowledge
SCIENTIFIC REASONING
- Deduction: The truth of the statement is not verified
- Induction: it’s good for analysis of general thoughts
- Scientific confirmation ( scientific generation and hypothesis confirmation)
CONTEXT OF DISCOVERY
The context in which someone formulates a hypothesis
CONTEXT OF JUSTIFICATION
The later or final phase of research when evidence is applied to and compared with a hypothesis
HEMPEL- HYPOTHETICAL DEDUCTIVE MODEL
General hypotheses in science are intended not only to learn but also predict
POPPER- PROBLEM OF CONFIRMATION
Science doesn’t try to confirm hypotheses and it shouldn’t
CONFIRMATION BIAS
We have a belief and when looking for evidence we focus on the evidence that makes our hypotheses true
CONFIRMATION BIAS
We have a belief and when looking for evidence we focus on the evidence that makes our hypotheses true
CORROBORATION
We never really accept a hypotheses as true, we accept it as not false yet
3 RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIALS METHODS
- Method of agreement ( the element you want to observe is fixed)
- Method of difference ( everything is fixed except for the element you want to observe)
- Method of agreement and difference ( combination)
THE BASE RATE FALLACY
If in a situation are presented base rate information and specific information, people tend to ignore the base rate in favour of the specific information, rather than correctly integrating the two
8 ELEMENTS TO PROVE THAT SOMETHING IS PSEUDO SCIENTIFIC
- Author
- Pertinence
- Proportionality
- Unbiasedness
- Content knowledge
- Meta- knowledge
- Consistency
- Discrimination ability
LATERAL READING
Looking for the same or similar kind of information in different texts
NUDGE
Tool that forces you open the link, read it and then share it.
It’s an attempt to reduce disinformation
3 TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND IF AN INFORMATION IS GOOD\BAD
- Online reasoning
- Check other sources
- Don’t stop at the first result
INCENTIVES
Any intervention that prompts you to act in a certain way
- monetary
- psychological ( manipulation of your psychological state)
