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6pack > Marine Weather > Flashcards

Marine Weather Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary source of the Earths weather?

A

the sun

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2
Q

Atmospheric pressure at sea level is equal to?

A

1013.25 millibars; 14.7lbs per square inch or 29.92 inches of mercury

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3
Q

What is used to predict the approach of a low pressure system?

A

barometer

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4
Q

A common unit of measurement for atmospheric pressure is?

A

inches

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5
Q

Prior to reading an aneroid barometer you should?

A

Tap the face lightly with your finger to bring the pointer to its true position

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6
Q

The most important information obtained from a barometer is?

A

The present reading of pressure combined with the changes in pressure observed in the recent past

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7
Q

The atmosphere in the vicinity of a high pressure is called?

A

Anticyclone

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8
Q

The wind circulation around a high pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere is?

A

Clockwise and moving outward from the high

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9
Q

Good weather is usually associated with?

A

A region of high barometric pressure

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10
Q

When low pressure area is approaching the weather generally?

A

worsens

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11
Q

a generally circular low pressure is called?

A

A cyclone

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12
Q

the wind direction around low pressure area in the Northern Hemisphere is?

A

Counterclockwise and inward

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13
Q

Weather systems in the middle latitudes generally travel from?

A

west to east

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14
Q

What is the wind pattern that has the most influence over North America?

A

the prevailing westerlies

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15
Q

A sea breeze is?

A

wind that blows towards an island or beach during the daytime

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16
Q

A local wind which occurs during the daytime and is caused by the different rates of warming of the land and water is a

A

sea breeze

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17
Q

A land breeze results from

A

a land mass cooling more quickly at night than an adjacent water area

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18
Q

Hail is a product of?

A

Violent convection found in thunderstorms

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19
Q

When a warm air mass overtakes and replaces a cold air mass the contact surface is called?

A

a warm front

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20
Q

what is typical of a warm front weather condition

A

steady precipitation

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21
Q

Barometric pressure should do what preceding an approaching warm front

A

steadily fall

22
Q

When cold air displaces warm air you have a?

A

cold front

23
Q

Whats associated with cold fronts?

A

A line of clouds, sharp changes in wind direction and squalls

24
Q

A cold front moving in from the northwest can?

A

Produce thunderstorms, hail then rapid clearing

25
Q

After a cold front passes what happens to barometric pressure?

A

Usually rises rapidly with clearing skies

26
Q

Which move faster cold or warm fronts?

A

cold

27
Q

When a cold air mass and warm air mass meet and there is no horizontal motion of either air masses it is called?

A

stationary front

28
Q

an occluded front is usually caused by?

A

a cold front overtaking a warm front

29
Q

A line on a weather chart connecting places which have the same barometric pressure is called?

A

An isobar

30
Q

Pressure gradient is?

A

The measure of pressure differences over a horizontal distance

31
Q

What enables you to estimate the bearing of a storm’s center?

A

Buys Ballot’s Law

32
Q

When facing into the wind in the Northern Hemisphere the center of the low pressure lies?

A

to your right and behind you

33
Q

Define relative humidity?

A

the ratio of the actual water vapor content to the current temperature of the air’s holding capability

34
Q

The expression, the air is saturated means?

A

the relative humidity is 100%

35
Q

The temperature at which the air is saturated with water vapor and below which condensation of water vapor will occur is referred to as the?

A

Dew Point

36
Q

Fog forms when?

A

The air temperature is at or below the dew point

37
Q

Fog is most commonly associated with?

A

a warm front at night

38
Q

When warm moist air blows over a colder surface and is cooled below its dew point the result is?

A

Advection Fog

39
Q

Frost smoke will occur when?

A

Extremely cold air from shore passes over warmer water

40
Q

What is the classic thunderhead cloud?

A

Cumulonimbus

41
Q

The wind speed and direction observed from a moving vessel is known as?

A

Apparent wind

42
Q

In most cases the direction of apparent wind lies?

A

between the bow and the direction of true wind

43
Q

Apparent wind can be zero only when?

A

True wind must be from dead astern and the wind speed must equal ships speed

44
Q

A wind vane on a moving vessel shows?

A

Apparent wind

45
Q

A weather forecast states that the wind will commence backing, in the Northern Hemisphere this means?

A

it would shift in a counterclockwise manner

46
Q

A veering wind will change direction how in the Northern Hemisphere

A

clockwise manner

47
Q

The USCG broadcasts weather reports on?

A

Channel 21A or 22A

48
Q

A message warning of a hurricane will be prefaced by?

A

Pan-Pan (x3)

49
Q

When do the highest frequency of tropical cyclones occur in the North Atlantic oceans?

A

August, September and October

50
Q

When is the peak of hurricane season in the Western North Pacific?

A

July through October

51
Q

Ocean swells originating from a typhoon can move ahead of it at speeds near?

A

50 knots

6pack (17 decks)

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