Mar 6 - AIDS and Tumor Immunology Flashcards
HIV-1 is a what kind of a virus?
A non-transforming RNA retrovirus
What molecule studs the lipid membrane and binds with CD4 and CCR5
Glycoprotein 120 (GP120)
(gimme) what is a reverse transcriptase?
An RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase – HIV
Do humans make reverse transcriptase?
Nope , so it’s a druggable target
What makes HIV have so many variants within one patient?
The reverse transcriptse is very mistake-prone and the virus replicates out the wazoo
What are elite controllers?
HLA-B57 Pts that make an excellent CTL response to the HIV virus (rather than a T-cell mediated)
What aspect of the HLA-B57 makes it so good at binding HIV?
The A and F binding pockets
Abacavir and HLA-B57
HLA-B57 Pts will have a delayed hypersensitivity to Abacavir (an HIV med), causing a severe reaction later
What is CD4’s co-receptor?
CCR5
What is the hydrophobic portion of the HIV virus that is responsible for creating a hole in the cell membrane?
GP41
What is the change in CCR5 that his HIV protective?
delta-32 CCR5
How do you Dx HIV in the lab?
Simple ELISA - confirm with Western Blot
What is the broadly neutralizing Ab that will bind to the CD4 binding site on HIV?
b12, the result of many steps in affinity maturation
What is a new immunology-mediated theory on tumor maturation?
ImmunoEditing (as opposed to the Immune Surveillance theory)
During cancer remission, are all the cancer cells gone or at an undetectable equilibrium with the immune system?
Equilibrium - remember that kidney transplant Pt who got myeloma from his donor?
