Mar 4 - ELISA assay, Thrombotic Disorders Flashcards
From the bottom of the well, what is the order of added components in a normal ELISA immunoassay?
(top) enzyme tag
non-human Ab against human Ab
Pt's suspect serum
Dx'd infected cells
(bottom) Well surfaceFrom the bottom of the well, what is the order of added components in a sandwiched ELISA immunoassay?
(top) enzyme tag
mAb to different epitope on suspect Ag
Pt's suspect serum/Ag
Specific pre-loaded Ab's
(bottom) Well surfaceWhat is the first test you’d like c/o of a pulmonary embolism (PE) protocol?
A chest x-ray (CXR)
What is the main component of an arterial clot?
Platelets
What is the main component of a venous clot?
Clotting factors
Which is the better choice for a Pt with a history of venous clotting: aspirin or warfarin?
Warfarin since ASA works to lower platelet production, not clotting factors
What are the inherited thrombotic disorders?
ProteinC, ProteinS, and Antithrombin deficiencies
Factor V Leiden
Prothrombin mutations
What is Virchow’s Triad?
Virchow’s triad describes the cause of most blood clotting events.
What are the three aspects of the triad?
1) Altered vessels
2) Altered coaguability
3) Venous stasis
Sx of a PE?`
SOB, pleuritic chest pain, diminished exercise activity, syncope
Sx/Signs of a DVT?
Dusky swelling of one limb (is rarely symmetrical) with calor, increased D-Dimer
Factor V Leiden
Resistance to PC, so factor V sticks around longer presenting a thrombus issue. (activated protein C resistance ACPR)
With a prothrombin gene mutation, do you get more venous or arterial clotting?
Venous
If you have an AT3 deficiency, do you get more venous or arterial clotting?
Venous (worry about DIC, liver disease, nephrotic syndrome)
Anti-Phospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APLS)
Ab against phospholipids, causing an autoimmune hypercoagulable state that can result in arterial or venous thrombi. (secondary in Lupus, RA, and other autoimmune disorders)
