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Parasitology - Ectoparasites > Mange mites of cats and dogs > Flashcards

Mange mites of cats and dogs Flashcards

1
Q

What burrowing mites can be found in cats and dogs?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei
Demodex spp
Notoedres spp

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2
Q

What non-burrowing mites can be found in cats and dogs?

A

Cheyletiella sap
Trombicula spp
Otodectes cynotis

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3
Q

How are Sarcoptes transmitted? Are they contagious?

A

Physical contact

Very contagious

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4
Q

Sarcoptes causes mange in which species?

A

Dogs, foxes pigs

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5
Q

Describe the morphology of Sarcoptes

A

Round, flat, round head
Very stumpy from tlegs
Dorsal surface has thumb print pattern - folds of cuticle
Covered in scales and spines

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6
Q

What does mange cause? Where is mange most severe?

A

Intense pruritic lesions
Hair loss
Crusting
Head - around ears and eyes

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7
Q

How is mange diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs - itching etc

Skin scrapings

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8
Q

Are Sarcoptes scabiei found in cats?

A

Rarely

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9
Q

What animals are reservoirs of Sarcoptic mange?

A

Hedgehogs

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10
Q

Describe the lifecycle of Sarcoptes scabiei

A

Females dig tunnels in keratinin and feed on fluid between cells
Each female has own tunnel - lays 3 eggs/day
Larvae hatch in tunnel in 4 days
Larvae leave tunnels and moult to nymphs and adults

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11
Q

How long does it take for Sarcoptes eggs to become adults?

A

14 days

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12
Q

What drugs can be used to control Sarcoptic mange? What should be treated?

A

Amitraz
Moxidectin
Imidacloprid
Treat all dogs, instruments and bedding

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13
Q

Why is Ivermectin not used fo Sarcoptic mange in dogs?

A

Contraindicated - CNS problems

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14
Q

What test can be done to identify mange?

A

Pinnal pedal reflex
Rub ear with thumb and fore finger
If got mange, leg makes scratching movement

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15
Q

Where is Notoedres sp usually found?

A

Head, face and ears of cats

Sometimes hedgheogs

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16
Q

How does Notoedres spp differ to Sarcoptes scabiei? (2 reasons)

A

Sarcoptes in dogs, Notoedres in cats
Sarcoptes has stumpy front legs, Notoedres longer
Sarcoptes has scales and spines, Notoedres has no scales or spines

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17
Q

Demodex spp are burrowing mites (follicle mites), what species are they found in?

A

Many - humans, dogs

Rarely cats

18
Q

What species of demodex infects dogs? Is demodex commensal or non-commensal? What is the disease caused by sensitivity to demodex mange?

A

Demodex canis
Commensal
Demodicosis

19
Q

How can demodex be transmitted from a bitch to puppies?

A

Mammary skin whilst suckling

20
Q

What are the symptoms of demodex infection?

A

Scaling
Alopecia
Papules and pustules

21
Q

What are the 2 different forms of demodicosis? Which dogs are they usually found in? What do they cause?

A

Localised form - young dogs, lesions spontaneously resolve
Generalised form - any age dog, severe disease caused by secondary bacterial infection. Thickened skin, pustules and crust

22
Q

Where do demodex burrow into?

A

Hair follicles and sebaceous glands

23
Q

How can demodex be diagnosed?

A

Deep skin scrapings

24
Q

What is the ear mite? Are they burrowing or non burrowing?

A

Otodectes cynotis

Non-Burrowing

25
Q

What species are Otodectes cynotis found in? What age are more susceptible?

A

Cats and dogs

Young animals

26
Q

What do Otodectes cynotis feed on? Where are they found?

A

Debris near ear drum Located in deep ear, can spread to head and neck)

27
Q

How long is the lifecycle of Otodectese cynotis? How are they transmitted?

A

3 weeks

Direct contact

28
Q

What are the symptoms of Otodectes cynotis?

A

Intense itching
Head shaking
Brown waxy exudate (cats)

29
Q

What can be a complication of Otodectes cynotis?

A

Purulent otitis externa

30
Q

What drugs can be used to control Otodectes cynotis

A

Permethrin (not its)
Imidacloprid
Selamectin

31
Q

Are Cheyletiella burrowing or non-burrowing? What are they a common cause of?

A

Non-burrowing

Mild scaling dermatitis

32
Q

What morphological features help diagnose Cheyletiella spp?

A

Palpal claws

Shape

33
Q

Where are Cheyletiella eggs found?

A

Superficial scrapings and faeces

34
Q

Are Cheyletiella zoonotic? What species are they common in?

A

Yes
Common in rabbits
Also more common in boxers and cocker spaniels

35
Q

Where do lesions usually occur in Cheyletieollosis? What is this mite also known as?

A

Lesions on dorsal rump and shoulders

Walking dandruff mite

36
Q

How can Cheyletiellosis be treated in rabbits?

A

No licensed products

Use fipronil or ivermectin

37
Q

Apart from Cheyletiella and Otodectes cynotis, what is the other non-burrowing mite seen install animals? Which species usually have them?

A 
Trombicula spp (autmunalis mainly)
Rodents
38
Q

Describe the morphology of Trombicula spp

A

Very small with orange patches

Long legs

39
Q

Are all stages of Trombicula spp parasitic?

A

Only larvae

40
Q

What are the signs of Trombicula infestation?

A

Mild pruritis
Eryhtema (skin redness)
Crusting

41
Q

Why is diagnosis of Trombicula difficult? What may Trombicula be associated with?

A

Rarely recovered from animals

Seasonal canine illness - illness of dogs in Winter, unknown cause

Parasitology - Ectoparasites (14 decks)

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