manejo dolor Flashcards

1
Q

define mecanoreceptores+2caract

A

rtores qque responden a estimulos intensos
-fibras A delta de conduccion rapida
-aumenta la resp a intesidad de lesion

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2
Q

define nociceptores polimodales+caract

A

se activan a estimulos mec,termicos, quimicos
-viajan a traves de fibras C
-area de sensiblidad pequeña para determinar punto de dolor
-aumenta la resp a intesidad de lesion

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3
Q

2 tipos de dolor+subtipos

A

-nociceptivo
(somatico y visceral)
-neuropatico

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4
Q

transduccion->4 NT de liberacion periferica

A

+serotonina
+PG
+Bradiquinas
+Histamina

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5
Q

Transmision-> 4NT especificos

A

+NorAdr
+Ach
+Glut
+Sust P

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6
Q

dolor de proyeccion vs dolor referido

A

proyeccion–>por irritacion ganglionar/asta, sensacion alrededor pero NO en el punto de la lesion
referido–>convergencia de impulsos aferentes viscerales y somaticos que genera patron de dolor segun dermatomas

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7
Q

4 caracteristicas que asociamos al dolor gracias a la corteza cerebral

A

significado
localizacion
intesidad
significacion emocional

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8
Q

3 componentes del dolor

A

-sensorial
-afectivo-emocional
-cognitivo evaluativo

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9
Q

explica teoria de la puerta de entrada

A

por la estimulacion de las fibras polimodales A, se activan als neur9onas inhibitorias de las firbas tipo C impidiendo su transmision=
si hago presion en al zona d ela herida(fibras A) no siento dolor(fibras C)

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10
Q

define alodinia

A

sensacion dolorosa ante estimulo NO doloroso

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11
Q

diesestesia

A

sensacion anormal ante estimulo o no

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12
Q

parestesia

A

sensacion anormal SIN estimulo

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13
Q

6 modificadores del dolor post qx

A

-lugar y naturaleza qx
-tipo incision
-estado fisicio y psicologico previo del paciente
-medicacion previa
-complicaciones
-tecnica anestesica

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14
Q

3 escalones de escala analgesica de la OMS+ cuando usar

A

-AINES
-opioides debiles
-opioides fuertes
usar en dolor agudo y dolor cronico NO oncologico

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15
Q

5 AINES

A

Paracetamol
Metamizol
Ibuprofeno
ketorolaco/Danlotreno
Celecoxib

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16
Q

2 opioides debiles y 2 fuertes

A

debil: codeina y tramadol
feurte:fentanilo y morfina

17
Q

5 grupos farmacos para tto de dolor cronico

A

antiepilepticos
antidepresivos
corticoides
agonistas alfa-2
ALR