Management of asthma Flashcards
Types of treatment for asthma
Once daily - suppress airway inflammation, prevent bronchospasm.
Rescue therapy - counteract bronchospasm during exacerbations.
Mild, intermittent asthma - treatment
No daily medications.
β2-agonist for acute asthma episodes.
Mild, persistent asthma - treatment
Low dose of corticosteroid (inhaled) - prevent episodes.
Alternatives: Cromolyn compunds, antileukotriene drugs, sustained-release theophylline.
Moderate, persistent asthma - treatment
Prevent acute episodes: low/medium-dose steroid (+LABA if needed).
Alternatives: Leukotriene antagonists, theophylline.
Severe persistent asthma - treatment
Preventive therapy: Medium-dose inhaled steroids + LABA
IgE antagonist may be useful for…
Moderate/severe allergic asthma in pts over 12 years.
IgE antagonist used for asthma + adm
Omalizumab - subcutaneous injection
Omalizumab - adverse effects
Allergic reactions - anaphylaxis
Mild acute exacerbation of asthma - management
Inhaled β2-agonist (albuterol or levalbuterol) x1-2.
If no response - multiple treatments with albuterol alone or in combo with ipratropium, oxygen, fluid replacement, burst treatment with systemic steroids.
Systemic steroids used as burst therapy in asthma exacerbations
Prednisone
Prednisolone.
Methylprednisolone.
Status asthmaticus - what is it and treatment
Severe attacks that do not respond to normal therapy.
Oxygen, systemic steroids, back-to-back/continuous β2-agonist.
