Antitussives and expectorants

Question 1

Antitussives - 2 groups and adm

Answer 1

Locally acting (menthol) - throat sprays/lozenges
Centrally acting: opioids - orally

Question 2

Locally acting antitussives - MOA

Answer 2

Suppress coughing by locally anesthetizing afferent nerves.

Question 3

Centrally acting antitussives - MOA

Answer 3

Suppress coughing by inhibiting the cough center in the medulla.

Question 4

Centrally acting antitussives - 3 drugs

Answer 4

Dextromethorphan.
Codeine.
Hydrocodone.

Question 5

Most widely used opioid antitussive drug, and why is it used this much?

Answer 5

Dextromethorphan - minimal CNS effects (drowsiness, euphoria, analgesia) except high doses

Question 6

Codeine and hydrocodone - classification

Answer 6

Moderate opioid agonists

Question 7

Codeine and hydrocodone - adverse effects

Answer 7

Relatively little CNS depression and euphoria.

Question 8

Drugs often contained in liquid cough preparations

Answer 8

Codeine/hydrocodone, guaifenesin, antihistamines, decongestants.

Question 9

Expectorants - MOA

Answer 9

Facilitates coughing up of mucus by reducing the adhesiveness and surface tension of respiratory tract secretions.

Question 10

Expectorants - 1 durg

Answer 10

Guaifenesin

Question 11

Guaifenesin - indications

Answer 11

Thick, tenacious respiratory tract secretions.
Dry nonproductive coughing.
Sinusitis.