Corticosteroids and mast cell stabilizers

Question 1

Corticosterois are used in which respiratory tract diseases?

Answer 1

Asthma
Allergic rhinitis
COPD

Question 2

Corticosteroids - adm according to indication (respiratory disorders)

Answer 2

Inhalation: Asthma (long-term, prevention of attacks).
Systemic: Severe asthma, severe allergic rhinits.

Question 3

Corticosteroids available as metered-dose inhalers - 4 drugs

Answer 3

Beclomethasone
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Triamcinolone

Question 4

Adverse effects of inhaled corticosterois

Answer 4

Oral candidiasis

Question 5

Formulations of combined steroids and LABAs - 3 combos

Answer 5

Fluticasone + salmeterol.
Budesonide + formoterol.
Mometasone + formoterol.

Question 6

Mast cell stabilizers - 3 drugs

Answer 6

Cromolyn sodium.
Lodoxamide.
Nedocromil.

Question 7

Cromolyn sodium - MOA

Answer 7

Stabilize mast cell membrane by blocking Ca influx. Prevents release of histamine, leukotrienes ++.

Question 8

Cromolyn sodium - indications and adm.

Answer 8

Allergic asthma (prophylactic) - inhale.
Allergic rhinitis (inhale) and vernal conjunctivitis (topical ocular).
Food allergies, ulcerative colitis (adm orally).
Systemic mastocytosis (adm orally).

Question 9

Cromolyn sodium is not used for …

Answer 9

Acute bronchospasm.

Question 10

Cromolyn sodium - adverse effects

Answer 10

When given by inhalation: cough and bronchospasm (relieved by β-agonist).
Nasal and ocular preparations: local pain and irritation.

Question 11

Lodoxamide and nedocromil - indications + adm

Answer 11

Ophthalmic solutions for ocular allergies.

Question 12

Lodoxamide and nedocromil - adverse effects

Answer 12

Ocular discomfort