Mammals 4 Flashcards
1
Q
How may a mammal respond to cold conditions physiologically?❄️
A
- vasoconstriction
- increased metabolism
- shivering
- hair raised.
2
Q
How may a mammal respond to hit conditions physiologically?
A
- vasodilation
- decreased metabolism
- sweating
- hair lowered.
3
Q
What is the difference between direct and indirect heating?
A
- Direct heating achieved by vasoconstriction or increased metabolic rate
- Indirect heating achieved by shivering, piloerection or behaviour change.
4
Q
Describe behaviour that reduces heat loss in mammals.
A
- Ball-like posture
- Basking
- Nesting
- Huddling.
5
Q
Describe behavioural strategies to reduce heat.
A
- Maximise exposure of vascularised skin
* Panting.
6
Q
Give examples of different forms of adaptive hypothermia.
A
- Torpor - shallow hypothermia, body temp lowers by few degrees
- Hibernation - deep hypothermia, metabolism slows to almost nothing
- Seasonal - long term, often deep
- Daily - shallow.
7
Q
What may trigger hibernation?
A
- Food limitation
- Photoperiod
- May require cold preprepatory period to build brown fat.
8
Q
Describe the two sets of thermoreceptors in mammals.🌡
A
- Receptors in hypothalamus monitor blood temp as it passes through brain (core temp)
- Receptors in skin monitor external temp.
