MAMMALIAN MUSCULATURE (RABBIT) Flashcards by Miyaki Jan Lim

Covers the entire lateral surface of the thorax and abdomen; more prominent anteriorly

Panniculus Carnosus or Cutaneous maximus

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Covers the entire lateral surface of the thorax and abdomen, being more prominent anteriorly

Platysma

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Large muscle constituting the outermost layer of the abdominal wall

External oblique

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Short muscle lying beneath the more dorsal portion of the external oblique.

Internal oblique

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Very thin, third muscle layer found by cutting through the internal oblique and by separating the edges

Transversus abdominis

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Long,slender muscle on each side of the linea alba, extending from the pubic symphysis to the anterior part of the thorax

Rectus abdominis

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A deep,narrow muscle that is most visible in the lumbar region

Multifidus

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A large muscle mass on each side of the vertebral column which extends from the sacrum and pelvis to the head

Erector spinae

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A group of muscle bundles lying deep to the splenius in the neck region

Semispinalis dorsi

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Muscle lateral to the semispinalis

Longgisimus

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Lateral to the longissimus that is the nearest to the furrow that separates the epaxial muscles from the hypaxial

Iliocostalis

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Large muscle covering most of the surface of the chest

Pectoralis major

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Slender muscle at the anterior end of the Pectoralis major

Pectoralis primus

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Found internal to the middle of the belly of Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

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Long muscle on each side of the Sternohyoid, two of the members of its pair converge toward the manubrium of the sternum from which they originate

Sternomastoid

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Broad, thin sheet of dermal muscle extends from the manubrium of the sternum forward, which forks like a letter “V”, where each half inserts at the base of the ear

Depressor conchae posterior (Special portion of Platysma)

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Slightly lateral to the Cleidomastoid at its cranial end, but crosses ventral to it caudally, so that its insertion on the clavicle is medial to that of the cleidomastoid

Basioclavicularis

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Long muscle in the median line of the neck

Sternohyoid

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Medial; Lies lateral and somewhat dorsal to the sternomastoid

Cleidomastoid

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Continuation of the two preceding muscles

Clavodeltoid

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A great mass of muscles that covers the angle of the jaws, where the outer surface has a very tough, shining fascia

Masseter

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Located along the ventral surface of each half of the jaw bone, which terminates through a slender tendon

Digastric

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Thin sheet of muscle crossing transversely between and to which is also dorsal to the two digastrics

Mylohyoid

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Thin muscle that lies deeply and is slightly lateral to the sternohyoid

Sternothyroid

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Long slender muscles running along the ventral border of the anterior trapezius near to insertion

Anterior trapezius (Acromiotrapezius)

Thin muscle at each side of the larynx which extends from the thyroid cartilage up to the hyoid.

Thyrohyoid

Large, flat muscle extending obliquely from the middle of the back to the forelimb

Latissimus dorsi

Large, thick muscles extending from the vertebral border of the scapula to the middorsal line

Posterior trapezius upward and forward (Spinotrapezius)

Long, slender muscle running along the ventral border of the anterior trapezius near its insertion, then diverges to its origin

Levator scapulae ventralis (Levator scapulae major)

Large, thick muscle extending from the vertebral border of the scapula to the middorsal line

Rhomboideus

Fairly broad but thin muscle on the back of the anterior part of the neck under the anterior trapezius

Splenius

Small, triangular muscle lateral to the clavodeltoid

Supraspinatus

Stout muscle along the axillary border of the scapula; Muscle partly covered by the third deltoid, which is attached to its surface

Infraspinatus

Most anterior deltoid

Clavodeltoid (Anterior)

Medial deltoid; small triangular

Acromiodeltoid (Middle)

Posterior deltoid; Passes under the long metacromion process; lateral to middle

Spinodeltoid (Posterior)

The stout muscle along the axillary border of the scapula behind the Infraspinatus

Teres major

Separate the teres major well from the infraspinatus and look In between them

Teres minor

A slender, bandlike muscles lies in contact with the inner surface of the rhomboideus and passes along the external surface of the splenius to be connected with the skull

Rhomboideus capitis (Levator scapulae minor)

A large muscle that completely covers the medial or inner surface of the scapula, its fibers disposed in several directions

Subscapularis

Several long flat muscles extending from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae to the ribs

Serratus ventralis p. Cervical (anterior portion)

Covers the dorsal half of the thorax underneath the latissimus dorsi, trapezius and rhomboideus

Serratus ventralis q. Thoracic (posterior portion)

Several long, flat muscles extending from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae to the ribs

Scalenes

Series of muscles on the sides of the chest

s. Serratus dorsalis

A series of muscle on the sides of the chest running from one rib to the next; Extend on the chest wall ventral to the insertion of the serratus dorsalis

External intercostal

Best seen in the ventral thoracic wall, internal to the scalenes; chief muscles concerned in the respiratory movements of the thorax

Internal intercostal

Great extensor mass located on the back of the upper arm.

Triceps Brachii

Large mass on the back of the upper arm

Triceps Brachii Long head

On the lateral surface of the upper arm, ventral to the long head

Triceps Brachii Lateral head

In contact with the humerus; deep between the long and lateral heads (cut through the lateral head)

Triceps Brachii Medial head

Located on the medial surface of the long head of a triceps where a fascia from the lower part is where this muscle originates.

Epitochlearis or Extensor antibranchii

Spindle-shaped muscle that is located on the anterior surface of the upper arm.

Biceps brachii

Found next and lateral to the biceps and in contact with the humerus.

Brachialis

Attached from the ulna to the carpals, which aids for extending the fifth digit

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Located next to extensor carpi ulnaris, going toward the preaxial side

Extensor digitorum lateralis

Located next to the Extensor digitorum lateralis

Extensor digitorum communis

Located next to the Extensor digitorum communis on the preaxial border of the forearm, but loose and standing away from the underlying extensor.

Brachioradialis or Supinator longus

Underlies the branchioradialis and extends onto the inner or medial surface of the arm

Extensor carpi radialis

Located next to the extensor carpi radialis longus, and may somewhat be underneath. Proceeds on the medial surface of the forearm toward the ulnar side.

Pronator teres

May lie next to or under the preceding origin; Medial epicondyle humerus

Flexor carpi radialis

Flat muscle forming outer surface of forearm next to preceding.

Palmaris longus

Complex muscle that lies under the preceding and projects to the radial side of it.

Flexor profundus digitorum

Consists of two nearly separate muscles which form the ulnar border of the forearm from the medial view.

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Short, thin but broad muscle forming the caudal surface of the shank; found in the dorsal sideShort, thin but broad muscle forming the caudal surface of the shank; found in the dorsal side

Tensor fasciae latae

Internal to that part of the gastrocnemius which is on the lateral surface of the thigh

Biceps femoris Anterior head

Internal to that part of the gastrocnemius which is medial

Biceps femoris Posterior head

Under the fascia, a thin muscle whose posterior part is partly covered by the biceps femoris

Gluteus maximus

The larger, thick muscle anterior to the Gluteus maximus

Gluteus medius

Under the fascia lata and its tensor by a longitudinal slit extending to the knee

Vastus lateralis

Posterior part of the Vastus lateralis

Vastus intermedius

On the medial side of the thigh posterior to the first part of the rectus femoris and not very well separable from it

Vastus medialis

Thin muscle which is folded over the anterior margin of the thigh

Rectus femoris First part

Thin muscle which is folded over the anterior margin of the thigh

Rectus femoris Second part

The very long, narrow muscle extending like a band along the middle of the medial surface of the thigh

Sartorius

A large, thin muscle over the posterior half of the medial surface of the thigh

Gracilis

Stout muscle beneath the gracilis; Anterior end

Adductor longus

Stout muscle beneath the gracilis; Posterior end

Adductor magnus

A cyclindrical muscle found inside the adductor magnus

Semitendinosus

A muscle which forms the Flexor of the shank posterior margin of the thigh, between the biceps femoris and the adductor magnus

Semimembranosus

The most ventral muscle, with the ventral border in contact with the tibia, located in the lateral surface of the shank

Tibialis anterior

Dorsal to the preceding on the lateral surface, consisting of a group of several more or less fused muscles

Peroneus

A thin, but broad muscle forming the caudal surface of the shank.

Gastrocnemius

An internal muscle that is a part of the gastrocnemius which is on the lateral surface of the thigh

Soleus

Situated internal to the part of the gastrocnemius which is on the lateral surface of the thigh

Plantaris