male reprpductive system Flashcards
seminal vesicles
located at the base of the bladder
contributes to 60% of semen
- fructose - fuels the sperme
- vitamin c
- Substances that nourish and activate the sperm
contributes to fertility produces thick yellowish secretion
epididymits
spermatogeneis does not happen here - nb it happens in the testicles but then they move there to mature and grow and the vas deferens is the transporter to the urethra
divided into 3 regions
head- receives the spermatozoa
body tail
they lack the ability to swim forward (motility) and to fertilize an egg. Epididymal transit takes 2 to 6 days before they are ready to fertilise
where does spermatogenesi occur
testes
sertoli a
leydig
sertoli - nourishes
leydig - testeore
how does sperm get out of the epididymis
During emission, sperm flow from the cauda epididymis (which functions as a storage reservoir) into the vas deferens where they are propelled by the peristaltic action of muscle layers in the wall of the vas deferens, and are mixed with the diluting fluids of the prostate, seminal vesicles, and other accessory glands prior to ejaculation (forming semen).
surgical procedures on epididymis
Epididymotomy is the placing of an incision into the epididymis and is sometimes considered as a treatment option for acute suppurating epididymitis.
Epididymectomy is the surgical removal of the epididymis sometimes performed for post-vasectomy pain syndrome and for re
what is a vasectomy
can it be reverese?
either cut or block the vas deferens so no transport . our body still produces sperm, but they’re absorbed back into your body without harm.
Starting about 3 months after a vasectomy, your semen (cum) won’t contain any sperm, so it can’t cause pregnancy. But you’ll still have the same amount of semen you did before. There just won’t be any sperm in it.
Vasectomies are meant to be permanent, so they can’t always be undone. it is possible but no gurantee
complications of vasectomy
infection
long term pain after -chronic pain in one or both testicles that is still present three months after the procedure. Pain can range from a rare, dull ache to sharp, constant pain that can interfere with daily life you need another surgery , like remove epididymis, reversal of procedure or in final cases remove testicle
heamatoma into scrotum
sperm granulomas (caused by sperm leaking out)
posterior urtehra
prostatic urethra
Ectopic testicle
Ectopic testicle is when testicles are undescended in an abnormal pathway (penile, femoral, perineal or retrovesical)
know the differnece btween that and cyptochrodi
Complications of undescended testis:
increased incidence of testicular cancer, subfertility
Complications of undescended testis:
increased incidence of testicular cancer, subfertility
when would you do an orchiectemy for cytptochrodism
if an atrophic intrabdominal testis is detected (especially after puberty) as the testis is incapable of spermatogenesis and there is risk of malignancy
indications for orchiectomy
1) testicular cancer as well as male breast cancer and prostate (as it reduced androgens)
2) cytpochrodism - rare case
3) transgender people
4) severe damage beyond repair trauma, torsion
indications for orchiectomy
1) testicular cancer as well as male breast cancer and prostate (as it reduced androgens)
2) cytpochrodism - rare case
3) transgender people
4) severe damage beyond repair trauma, torsion
