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Medical Terminology B > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

meiosis

A

cell division that produces gametes resulting in half the full number of chromosomes

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1
Q

gonads

A

sex glands that produce reproductive cells and hormones

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2
Q

androgen

A

hormones that produce male characteristics

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3
Q

bulbourethral gland

A

small gland beside the urethra and below the prostate that secretes a component of seminal fluid

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4
Q

bulbourethral gland, aka

A

Cowper’s gland, aka

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4
Q

Cowper’s gland

A

small gland beside the urethra and below the prostate that secretes a component of seminal fluid

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5
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of foreskin

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6
Q

prepuce

A

fold of skin covering the glans of the penis

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7
Q

prepuce, aka

A

foreskin, aka

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8
Q

coitus, aka

A

sexual intercourse, copulation

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9
Q

ductus deferens, aka

A

vas deferens, aka

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10
Q

ductus deferens

A

duct that transports sperm from the epididymus to the ejaculatory duct

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11
Q

vas deferens

A

duct that transports sperm from the epididymus to the ejaculatory duct

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12
Q

ejaculation

A

ejection of semen from the male urethra

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13
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

duct that carries semen into the urethra, formed by union of the ductus/vas deferens and the seminal vesicle duct

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14
Q

erection

A

stiffening of the penis or clitoris, usually due to sexual excitement

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15
Q

FSH

A

Abbrev: follicle-stimulating hormone

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16
Q

epididymis

A

coiled tube that sits of the surface of the testis that stores sperm until ejaculation

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17
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (general)

A

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland which stimulates gamete development

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18
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (in male)

A

hormone that stimulates Sertoli cells to begin sperm cell development

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19
Q

gamete (general)

A

mature reproductive cell

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20
Q

male gamete

A

spermatozoon/sperm cell

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21
Q

female gamete

A

ovum

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22
Q

glans penis

A

bulbous end of the penis

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23
Q

inguinal canal (male)

A

channel through which the testis descends into the scrotum around the time of birth

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24
Q

interstitial cells of the testes

A

cells that produce androgens/male hormones, and are located in the lobules of the testes, between the seminiferous tubules

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25
Q

LH

A

Abbrev: luteinizing hormone

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26
Q

luteinizing hormone (general)

A

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland which acts on the gonads

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27
Q

luteinizing hormone (in male)

A

hormone that stimulates the interstitial cells within the testes to produce androgens

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28
Q

cells of Leydig

A

interstitial cells of the testes, aka

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29
Q

penis

A

male organ of sexual intercourse and urination

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30
Q

copulation, aka

A

sexual intercourse, coitus

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31
Q

sexual intercourse, aka

A

coitus, copulation

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32
Q

pituitary gland

A

endocrine gland at the base of the brain

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33
Q

prostate gland

A

small gland that surrounds the urethra that secretes a component of seminal fluid

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34
Q

puberty

A

period of sexual maturation during which the body is capable of procreation and secondary sex characteristics develop

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35
Q

procreate

A

produce offspring

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36
Q

scrotum

A

double pouch that contains the testes

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37
Q

semen, aka

A

seminal fluid, aka

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38
Q

seminal vesicle

A

sac-like gland behind the bladder that secretes a component of seminal fluid

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39
Q

Sertoli cell

A

cell that aids in development of spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules of the testis

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40
Q

spermatic cord

A

cord that attaches the testis to the abdomen and contains the gonadal vessels and the ductus/vas deferens

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41
Q

sustenacular cell, akao

A

Sertoli cell, aka

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42
Q

sustenacular cell

A

cell that aids in development of spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules of the testis

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43
Q

testicle, aka

A

testis, aka

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44
Q

testosterone

A

the main male sex hormone/androgen

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45
Q

urethra (male)

A

duct that transports semen and urine out of the body in the male

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46
Q

orchi/o

A

Root: testis, testicle

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47
Q

orchid/o

A

Root: testis, testicle

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48
Q

osche/o

A

Root: scrotum

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49
Q

semin-

A

Root: semen

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50
Q

vas/o

A

Root: vessel (general), vas/ductus deferens (male)

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51
Q

vesicul/o

A

Root: seminal vesicle

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52
Q

chlamydial infection

A

ascending bacterial infection of the urinary and reproductive tracts

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53
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum

A

chlamydial bacteria infection with swelling of the inguinal lymph nodes and scarring of genital tissue

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54
Q

gonnorhea

A

bacterial infection with inflammation of reproductive and urinary tracts with urethritis in men, and vaginal discharge and cervical inflammation in women

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55
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A

vaginal bacteria infection with foul smelling discharge

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56
Q

syphilis

A

spirochete bacterial infection that progresses with genital lesions, systemic infection and warts, and degeneration of other body systems, and may result in spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and fetal deformities

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57
Q

AIDS

A

Abbrev: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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58
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

infection from the HIV virus which interferes with immune cell function leaving the host vulnerable to other disease, often fatal

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59
Q

HIV

A

Abbrev: human immunodeficiency virus

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60
Q

genital herpes

A

infection of HBV causing painful genital lesions and increased susceptibility for cervical carcinoma

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61
Q

HBV

A

Abbrev: hepatitis B virus

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62
Q

condyloma acuminatum, aka

A

genital warts, aka

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63
Q

condyloma acuminatum

A

infection with HPV causing benign genital warts and increased susceptibility for cervical carcinoma and dysplasia

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64
Q

trichomoniasis

A

protozoal infection of the vagina causing frothy green discharge, itching, painful intercourse and urination

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65
Q

ED

A

Abbrev: erectile dysfunction

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66
Q

erectile dysfunction, aka

A

impotence, aka

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67
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

benign enlargement of the prostate

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68
Q

benign prostatic hypertrophy

A

benign enlargement of the prostate

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69
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia, aka

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy, aka

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70
Q

BPH

A

Abbrev: benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy

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71
Q

cryptorchidism

A

failure of the testis to descend at birth

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72
Q

infertility

A

decrease capacity to produce offspring

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73
Q

inguinal hernia

A

protrusion of the intestine through through the inguinal canal or through the abdominal canal into the scrotum

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74
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of a testis

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75
Q

sterility

A

complete inability to produce offspring

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76
Q

herniorrhaphy

A

surgical repair of a hernia

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77
Q

emission

A

the discharge of semen

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78
Q

genitalia

A

the organs concerned with reproduction, either external or internal

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79
Q

insemination

A

introduction of semen into a woman’s vagina

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80
Q

orgasm

A

state of physical and emotional excitement which occurs at the climax of sexual intercourse

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81
Q

penis, aka

A

phallus

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82
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of the glans penis and mucous membrane beneath it

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83
Q

BNO

A

Abbrev: bladder neck obstruction

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84
Q

bladder neck obstruction

A

condition of blockage of urine flow at the outlet of the bladder

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85
Q

hydrocele

A

a sac-like cavity found in the covering of the testes or spermatic cords which is filled with fluid

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86
Q

phimosis

A

narrowing of the opening of the prepuce/foreskin, so that it cannot be pushed back over the glans penis

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87
Q

priapism

A

abnormal, painful, continuous erection of the penis

88
Q

seminoma

A

tumour of the testis

89
Q

spermatocele

A

epididymal cyst containing spermatozoa

90
Q

varicocele

A

enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord

91
Q

brachytherapy

A

radiation therapy by placement of radioactive capsules into a tumour or nearby tissue

92
Q

castration

A

surgical removal or chemical inhibition of the testes or ovaries

93
Q

Gleason tumour grade

A

system for assessing the severity of prostate cancer

94
Q

Whitmore-Jewett staging

A

method for staging prostatic tumours

95
Q

TNM staging

A

system for the staging of prostatic tumours

96
Q

DRE

A

Abbrev: digital rectal examination

97
Q

digital rectal examination

A

used for palpation of the prostate via the inside of the rectum

98
Q

GC

A

Abbrev: Gonococcus

99
Q

Gonococcus

A

the bacteria responsible for gonorrhea

100
Q

GU

A

Abbrev: Genitourinary

101
Q

HSV

A

Abbrev: herpes simplex virus

102
Q

herpes simplex virus

A

virus responsible for genital herpes

103
Q

NGU

A

Abbrev: non-gonococcal urethritis

104
Q

PSA

A

Abbrev: prostate-specific antigen

105
Q

prostate-specific antigen

A

a protein produced by the prostate gland; an increase in the blood may indicate prostate cancer

106
Q

TPUR

A

Abbrev: transperineal urethral resection

107
Q

TSE

A

Abbrev: testicular self-examination

108
Q

TUIP

A

Abbrev: transurethral incision of the prostate

109
Q

TURP

A

Abbrev: transurethral resection of the prostate

110
Q

UG

A

Abbrev: urogenital

111
Q

VD

A

venereal disease

112
Q

VDRL

A

Abbrev: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory

113
Q

Venereal Disease Research Laboratory

A

test for syphilis

114
Q

sex glands that produce reproductive cells and hormones

A

gonads

115
Q

cell division that produces gametes resulting in half the full number of chromosomes

A

meiosis

116
Q

hormones that produce male characteristics

A

androgen

117
Q

small gland beside the urethra and below the prostate that secretes a component of seminal fluid

A

bulbourethral gland

118
Q

Cowper’s gland, aka

A

bulbourethral gland, aka

119
Q

small gland beside the urethra and below the prostate that secretes a component of seminal fluid

A

Cowper’s gland

120
Q

surgical removal of foreskin

A

circumcision

121
Q

fold of skin covering the glans of the penis

A

prepuce, foreskin

122
Q

vas deferens, aka

A

ductus deferens, aka

123
Q

duct that transports sperm from the epididymus to the ejaculatory duct

A

ductus deferens, vas deferens

124
Q

ejection of semen from the male urethra

A

ejaculation

125
Q

duct that carries semen into the urethra, formed by union of the ductus/vas deferens and the seminal vesicle duct

A

ejaculatory duct

126
Q

coiled tube that sits of the surface of the testis that stores sperm until ejaculation

A

epididymis

127
Q

stiffening of the penis or clitoris, usually due to sexual excitement

A

erection

128
Q

Abbrev: follicle-stimulating hormone

A

FSH

129
Q

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland which stimulates gamete development

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (general)

130
Q

hormone that stimulates Sertoli cells to begin sperm cell development

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (in male)

131
Q

mature reproductive cell

A

gamete (general)

132
Q

bulbous end of the penis

A

glans penis

133
Q

channel through which the testis descends into the scrotum around the time of birth

A

inguinal canal (male)

134
Q

cells that produce androgens/male hormones, and are located in the lobules of the testes, between the seminiferous tubules

A

interstitial cells of the testes

135
Q

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland which acts on the gonads

A

luteinizing hormone (general)

136
Q

hormone that stimulates the interstitial cells within the testes to produce androgens

A

luteinizing hormone (in male)

137
Q

interstitial cells of the testes

A

cells of Leydig

138
Q

endocrine gland at the base of the brain

A

pituitary gland

139
Q

small gland that surrounds the urethra that secretes a component of seminal fluid

A

prostate gland

140
Q

period of sexual maturation during which the body is capable of procreation and secondary sex characteristics develop

A

puberty

141
Q

produce offspring

A

procreate

142
Q

double pouch that contains the testes

A

scrotum

143
Q

thick secretion that transports spermatozoa

A

semen, seminal fluid

144
Q

sac-like gland behind the bladder that secretes a component of seminal fluid

A

seminal vesicle

145
Q

cell that aids in development of spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules of the testis

A

Sertoli cell

146
Q

cord that attaches the testis to the abdomen and contains the gonadal vessels and the ductus/vas deferens

A

spermatic cord

147
Q

Sertoli cell, aka

A

sustenacular cell, akao

148
Q

cell that aids in development of spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules of the testis

A

sustenacular cell

149
Q

mature male sex cell

A

spermatozoon

150
Q

male reproductive gland

A

testis

151
Q

the main male sex hormone/androgen

A

testosterone

152
Q

duct that transports semen and urine out of the body in the male

A

urethra (male)

153
Q

Root: testicle, testis

A

test/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

154
Q

Root: scrotum

A

osche/o

155
Q

Root: semen

A

semin-

156
Q

Root: spermatozoa, semen

A

sperm/i, spermat/o

157
Q

Root: epidydimis

A

epidydim/o

158
Q

Root: vessel (general), vas/ductus deferens (male)

A

vas/o

159
Q

Root: seminal vesicle

A

vesicul/o

160
Q

Root: prostate

A

prostat/o

161
Q

ascending bacterial infection of the urinary and reproductive tracts

A

chlamydial infection

162
Q

chlamydial bacteria infection with swelling of the inguinal lymph nodes and scarring of genital tissue

A

lymphogranuloma venereum

163
Q

bacterial infection with inflammation of reproductive and urinary tracts with urethritis in men, and vaginal discharge and cervical inflammation in women

A

gonnorhea

164
Q

vaginal bacteria infection with foul smelling discharge

A

bacterial vaginosis

165
Q

spirochete bacterial infection that progresses with genital lesions, systemic infection and warts, and degeneration of other body systems, and may result in spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and fetal deformities

A

syphilis

166
Q

Abbrev: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

AIDS

167
Q

infection from the HIV virus which interferes with immune cell function leaving the host vulnerable to other disease, often fatal

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

168
Q

Abbrev: human immunodeficiency virus

A

HIV

169
Q

infection of HBV causing painful genital lesions and increased susceptibility for cervical carcinoma

A

genital herpes

170
Q

Abbrev: hepatitis B virus

A

HBV

171
Q

genital warts, aka

A

condyloma acuminatum, aka

172
Q

infection with HPV causing benign genital warts and increased susceptibility for cervical carcinoma and dysplasia

A

condyloma acuminatum

173
Q

protozoal infection of the vagina causing frothy green discharge, itching, painful intercourse and urination

A

trichomoniasis

174
Q

Abbrev: erectile dysfunction

A

ED

175
Q

impotence, aka

A

erectile dysfunction, aka

176
Q

benign enlargement of the prostate

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy

177
Q

benign prostatic hypertrophy, aka

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia, aka

178
Q

Abbrev: benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy

A

BPH

179
Q

failure of the testis to descend at birth

A

cryptorchidism

180
Q

decrease capacity to produce offspring

A

infertility

181
Q

protrusion of the intestine through through the inguinal canal or through the abdominal canal into the scrotum

A

inguinal hernia

182
Q

inflammation of a testis

A

orchitis

183
Q

complete inability to produce offspring

A

sterility

184
Q

surgical repair of a hernia

A

herniorrhaphy

185
Q

the discharge of semen

A

emission

186
Q

the organs concerned with reproduction, either external or internal

A

genitalia

187
Q

introduction of semen into a woman’s vagina

A

insemination

188
Q

state of physical and emotional excitement which occurs at the climax of sexual intercourse

A

orgasm

189
Q

phallus

A

penis

190
Q

inflammation of the glans penis and mucous membrane beneath it

A

balanitis

191
Q

Abbrev: bladder neck obstruction

A

BNO

192
Q

condition of blockage of urine flow at the outlet of the bladder

A

bladder neck obstruction

193
Q

a sac-like cavity found in the covering of the testes or spermatic cords which is filled with fluid

A

hydrocele

194
Q

narrowing of the opening of the prepuce/foreskin, so that it cannot be pushed back over the glans penis

A

phimosis

195
Q

abnormal, painful, continuous erection of the penis

A

priapism

196
Q

tumour of the testis

A

seminoma

197
Q

epididymal cyst containing spermatozoa

A

spermatocele

198
Q

enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord

A

varicocele

199
Q

radiation therapy by placement of radioactive capsules into a tumour or nearby tissue

A

brachytherapy

200
Q

surgical removal or chemical inhibition of the testes or ovaries

A

castration

201
Q

system for assessing the severity of prostate cancer

A

Gleason tumour grade

202
Q

method for staging prostatic tumours

A

Whitmore-Jewett staging

203
Q

system for the staging of prostatic tumours

A

TNM staging

204
Q

Abbrev: digital rectal examination

A

DRE

205
Q

used for palpation of the prostate via the inside of the rectum

A

digital rectal examination

206
Q

Abbrev: Gonococcus

A

GC

207
Q

the bacteria responsible for gonorrhea

A

Gonococcus

208
Q

Abbrev: Genitourinary

A

GU

209
Q

Abbrev: herpes simplex virus

A

HSV

210
Q

virus responsible for genital herpes

A

herpes simplex virus

211
Q

Abbrev: non-gonococcal urethritis

A

NGU

212
Q

Abbrev: prostate-specific antigen

A

PSA

213
Q

a protein produced by the prostate gland; an increase in the blood may indicate prostate cancer

A

prostate-specific antigen

214
Q

Abbrev: transperineal urethral resection

A

TPUR

215
Q

Abbrev: testicular self-examination

A

TSE

216
Q

Abbrev: transurethral incision of the prostate

A

TUIP

217
Q

Abbrev: transurethral resection of the prostate

A

TURP

218
Q

Abbrev: urogenital

A

UG

219
Q

Abbrev: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory

A

VDRL

220
Q

test for syphilis

A

Venereal Disease Research Laboratory

Medical Terminology B (7 decks)

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