Male Reproduction Flashcards
1
Q
Sexual Reproduction
A
- Male Gonads: testes produce sperm
- Female Gonads: ovaries produce eggs
- Fusion of male and female sex cell called fertilization which produces a zygote
- Zygote divides many times to form an embryo which turns into a fetus
2
Q
Penis
A
- Sex organ designed to deliver sperm to female
- Part of urinary and reproductive system
- contains erectile tissue
- contains urethra
- Consists of shaft w/ enlarged tip called glans penis surrounded by prepuce
3
Q
What is a circumcision
A
- removal of foreskin
4
Q
What happens during sexual excitement
A
- Arterioles dilate, causing blood to enter
- inc blood flow to erectile tissue causes penis to become enlarged and erect so that sperm can be delivered
- erectile tissue compressed venules
- erection maintained due to decreased venous blood from constricted venules
5
Q
Erectile Dysfunction (impotency)
A
erectile tissue doesnt expand enough to compress veins
- viagra increases blood flow to penis
6
Q
Scrotum
A
- Divided sac of skin that hangs outside of abdominal cavity
- Contains two testes
- Testes develop in abdomen and descend into pouch
- keep temp of testes 2-3 lower than body temp for healthy sperm
- wrinkles up and move testes closer to body to inc temp when its cold
- when hot, it can extend farther away from body
7
Q
Testes(Testicles)
A
- oval shaped glands
- produce sperm cells in seminiferous tubules
- Produce male sex hormone, testosterone, in interstitial cells surrounding seminiferous tubules
8
Q
Seminiferous Tubules
A
- Tightly packed tubes “sperm factories” located inside each testis where sperm divide and differentiate into mature sperm (spermatogenesis)
- lined w/ sperm producing cells (spermatogonia)
- sperm division starts in walls of tubules
- mature sperm released into center of tube
- contains sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells
9
Q
Spermatogenic cells
A
- Produce sperm
- Lining of seminiferous tubules
10
Q
Sertoli Cells
A
- Protect n nourish developing sperm until they are mature
- Provide barrier between blood and seminiferous tubules (blood testis barrier)
- controls entry and exit of hormones, nutrients, and other chemicals into seminiferous tubules which protects developing sperm cells
- Secret inhibin
11
Q
Interstitial cells
A
- Cells surrounding seminiferous tubules
- where testosterone is produced (stimulates spermatogenesis)
12
Q
Epididymis
A
- Testes produce sperm cells, mature in epididymis
- Compact long coiled tube on exterior surface of testes
- Temporary storage site for immature sperm
- Takes about 20 days to go thru epididymis during time sperm mature n are able to swim
13
Q
Vas Deferens
A
- Walls of seminiferous tubules contract during sexual arousal to expel sperm thru vas deferens
- Tube connects with epididymis and transport sperm to urethra
- Connects to urethra thru ejaculatory duct
14
Q
Urethra
A
- Shared tube in males for urine and semen (not at same time)
- Sphincter at base of bladder closed by erection so urine cannot enter
15
Q
Sperm
A
- Special Haploid gamete cells (n=23)
- Head called acrosome which contains enzymes that help it penetrate egg and has nucleus (contains DNA)
- Middle part as mitochondria to produce ATP for movement
- Flagella (tail) for swimming