Male Repro Physiology Flashcards
Male fertility requires what 2 things?
Competent spermatogenesis
Functional delivery system
Competent spermatogenesis requires what 4 things?
endocrine regulation
thermoregulation
spermatogenesis
spermiogenesis
The scrotum gets its blood supply from the ______ and is innervated by the ______.
External pudendal a.
Genitofemoral n.
The _____ lymph node drains the scrotum and the ____ lymph nodes drains the testes
superficial inguinal
lumbar
The testes get blood supply from the ______ artery
testicular
Testicular temperature is regulated by:
scrotal skin: sweat glands
Pampiniform plexus: arterio-venous exchange. Blood in arteries can be sent back through the body without reaching the testes if temp is too high.
Cremaster muscle
Whole body response: respiratory rate in rams
The pampiniform plexus serves 3 purposes for the testes:
Thermoregulation: arterio-venous countercurrent keeps temp from arterial blood down.
Concentration of testosterone in the testes: keeps it from leaving and being metabolized by the liver.
Reduced pulsality: blood that reaches the testes via testicular artery has no pulse.
The blood-testis barrier functions to:
Maintain environment for sperm cells
Protect germ cells from noxious agents
Prevent autoimmune response to sperm
Mature sperm is stored in the tail of the _____, and a blockage will result in _____.
epididymis, infertility
Ampulla, prostate, vesicular glands, and bulbourethral glands are _______ _____ than be a major cause of infertility.
Accessory glands
Stallions and dogs have a ______ penis that increases in size as a result of blood engorgement.
Musculocavernous
Ruminants, boars, and camelids have a ________ penis that increases in length but not in diameter due to a strong tunica albuginea.
Fibrocartilagenous
Sensory innervation of glans penis (essential for ejaculation)
Dorsal n.
Hormone that inhibits development of the paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts in the male embryo
Anti-Mullerian hormone
If Anti-Mullerian Hormone levels are low in the male, what condition results?
Cryptorchidism
In the male, LH acts on the _____ cells to stimulate testosterone production.
Interstitial/Leydig
In the male, which hormone promotes protein synthesis ie: androgen binding protein?
FSH
Under FSH stimulation, Sertoli cells produce ______ and convert ______ to _______.
Under FSH stimulation, Sertoli cells produce INHIBIN and convert TESTOSTERONE to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE.
After puberty, the male cycle provides peaks of testosterone every ___ hours.
3
Antigen Binding Protein (ABP) serves to
Maintain high levels of testosterone in the testes
This hormone derivative is a mediator for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Dihydrotestosterone
Estrogen in males is produced by the sertoli cells and functions to…
support spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules
*Provides negative feedback to the hypothalamus to decrease GnRH
3 mechanisms that serve as negative feedback to the hypothalamus
testosterone/dihydrotestosterone
estrogen
inhibin
In long day breeders such as stallions and tomcats, melatonin is ______ and GnRH is ______.
decreased, increased
