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RUSVM Physiology II > Estrous Cycle by Species > Flashcards

Estrous Cycle by Species Flashcards

1
Q

Polyestrous, nonseasonal ovulators

A

Camelids
Pigs (sow)
Cattle (cow)

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2
Q

Seasonally polyestrous ovulators

A

Cats (queen)
Horses (mare)
Goats (doe)
Sheep (ewe)

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3
Q

Monoestrous, nonseasonal ovulators

A

Dog (bitch)

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4
Q

_____ are nonseasonlly polyestrous and have a 21 day cycle

A

Cows and sows

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5
Q

Cows ovuate _____ hours AFTER estrus, or ______ hours after the onset of estrus, and follow the AM/PM rule for breeding.

A

10-15 hours

24-30 hours

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6
Q

Signs of estrus in a cow that indicate she should be bred within the next 10-12 hours

A 
Standing to be mounted
Increased activity
Decreased milk yield
Clear vaginal mucus
Bellowing
Swollen vulva
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7
Q

Follicular growth occurs in ____/____ and can be manipulated by supplementing during the ______ phage

A

stages/cohorts

recruitment

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8
Q

Size of the follicle during:
Emergence ___
Deviation ___
Ovulation __

A

Emergence: 4mm
Deviation: 8mm
Ovulation: 10-20mm, 15-18mm

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9
Q

The ____ is seasonally polyestrous and cycles every 17 days

A

Ewe

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10
Q

In the Ewe, estrus lasts about ___ hours with ovulation beginning about _____ hours after the beginning of estrus.

A

36 hours

24-30 hours

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11
Q

Signs of estrus in the Ewe

A

May seek out ram
Vulvar edema
Use of vasectomized ram

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12
Q

Ewes and Does reach puberty at what age?

A

6-8 months

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13
Q

The ____ is seasonally polyestrous and has a 21 day cycle

A

Doe and mare

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14
Q

In the doe, estrus lasts _____ hours and ovulation begins within _____ hours after the onset of estrus

A

12-24 hours

12-36 hours

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15
Q

Signs of estrus in the doe

A 
Swollen vulva
Rapid tail movement
Restlessness; vocalization
Teaser buck
"Buck rag"
Vaginal mucus
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16
Q

The sow attains puberty around what age?

*depending on breed

A

7 months

17
Q

Puberty in the sow can be hastened using what methods?

A

Stress
Boar effect
Hormones

18
Q

In the sow, the estrus cycle has no ________________

A

follicular wave development and atresia

19
Q

Estrus in the sow lasts ____ days and ovulation takes place during the last ___ hours of estrus

A

2-4 days

24 hours

20
Q

The mare attains puberty at what age?

A

11-12 months

*can be 8-15 months

21
Q

In the mare, _____ and _____ increase over an extended time period

A

estrogen and LH

22
Q

The cycle of the mare has 2 peaks of ____, unlike other species which have only one.

A

FSH

23
Q

In the mare, estrus lasts ____ days and ovulation occurs in the last ___ hours of estrus

A

5-7 days

48 hours

24
Q

The ____ is the only species that can ovulate during diestrus while progesterone levels are high

A

Equine

25
Q

Mare’s cervix at the onset of estrus

A

Swollen and beginning to open. Folds are less defined.

26
Q

Mare’s cervix toward the end of estrus

A

Swollen and relaxed. Fold hangs down, looking very vascular.

27
Q

Signs of estrus in the mare

A

Interest in stallions
Raising tail
“winking”

28
Q

The bitch attains puberty at what age?

A

6-12 months

29
Q

The ____ is nonseasonally monoestrous, and cycles every 6 months

A

bitch

30
Q

The estrous cycle of the bitch is divided into 4 stages:

A

Proestrus
Estrus
Diestrus
Anestrus

31
Q

In the dog, _____ levels stay high for an extended period during proestrus and estrus, which last 18 days (allowing mating for an extended period of time)

A

estrogen

32
Q

At a good time for breeding the bitch, what should the vaginal cytology look like?

A

Cells cornified, without any RBC or neutrophils

33
Q

The queen attains puberty at what age?

A

6-10 months, depending on birth month

34
Q

The queen is seasonally polyestrous and is an _____ ovulator.

A

induced

35
Q

In the cat, diestrus lasts how long?

A

30-70 days

36
Q

Signs of estrus in the queen

A

Rubbing against people/objects
vocalizing
posturing

37
Q

Camelids attain puberty at what age?

A

5 months - 2 years

*dependent on body weight

38
Q

Camelids are nonseasonally polyestrous and are _____ ovulators.

A

induced

RUSVM Physiology II (8 decks)

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