Estrous Cycle by Species Flashcards
Polyestrous, nonseasonal ovulators
Camelids
Pigs (sow)
Cattle (cow)
Seasonally polyestrous ovulators
Cats (queen)
Horses (mare)
Goats (doe)
Sheep (ewe)
Monoestrous, nonseasonal ovulators
Dog (bitch)
_____ are nonseasonlly polyestrous and have a 21 day cycle
Cows and sows
Cows ovuate _____ hours AFTER estrus, or ______ hours after the onset of estrus, and follow the AM/PM rule for breeding.
10-15 hours
24-30 hours
Signs of estrus in a cow that indicate she should be bred within the next 10-12 hours
Standing to be mounted Increased activity Decreased milk yield Clear vaginal mucus Bellowing Swollen vulva
Follicular growth occurs in ____/____ and can be manipulated by supplementing during the ______ phage
stages/cohorts
recruitment
Size of the follicle during:
Emergence ___
Deviation ___
Ovulation __
Emergence: 4mm
Deviation: 8mm
Ovulation: 10-20mm, 15-18mm
The ____ is seasonally polyestrous and cycles every 17 days
Ewe
In the Ewe, estrus lasts about ___ hours with ovulation beginning about _____ hours after the beginning of estrus.
36 hours
24-30 hours
Signs of estrus in the Ewe
May seek out ram
Vulvar edema
Use of vasectomized ram
Ewes and Does reach puberty at what age?
6-8 months
The ____ is seasonally polyestrous and has a 21 day cycle
Doe and mare
In the doe, estrus lasts _____ hours and ovulation begins within _____ hours after the onset of estrus
12-24 hours
12-36 hours
Signs of estrus in the doe
Swollen vulva Rapid tail movement Restlessness; vocalization Teaser buck "Buck rag" Vaginal mucus
The sow attains puberty around what age?
*depending on breed
7 months
Puberty in the sow can be hastened using what methods?
Stress
Boar effect
Hormones
In the sow, the estrus cycle has no ________________
follicular wave development and atresia
Estrus in the sow lasts ____ days and ovulation takes place during the last ___ hours of estrus
2-4 days
24 hours
The mare attains puberty at what age?
11-12 months
*can be 8-15 months
In the mare, _____ and _____ increase over an extended time period
estrogen and LH
The cycle of the mare has 2 peaks of ____, unlike other species which have only one.
FSH
In the mare, estrus lasts ____ days and ovulation occurs in the last ___ hours of estrus
5-7 days
48 hours
The ____ is the only species that can ovulate during diestrus while progesterone levels are high
Equine
Mare’s cervix at the onset of estrus
Swollen and beginning to open. Folds are less defined.
Mare’s cervix toward the end of estrus
Swollen and relaxed. Fold hangs down, looking very vascular.
Signs of estrus in the mare
Interest in stallions
Raising tail
“winking”
The bitch attains puberty at what age?
6-12 months
The ____ is nonseasonally monoestrous, and cycles every 6 months
bitch
The estrous cycle of the bitch is divided into 4 stages:
Proestrus
Estrus
Diestrus
Anestrus
In the dog, _____ levels stay high for an extended period during proestrus and estrus, which last 18 days (allowing mating for an extended period of time)
estrogen
At a good time for breeding the bitch, what should the vaginal cytology look like?
Cells cornified, without any RBC or neutrophils
The queen attains puberty at what age?
6-10 months, depending on birth month
The queen is seasonally polyestrous and is an _____ ovulator.
induced
In the cat, diestrus lasts how long?
30-70 days
Signs of estrus in the queen
Rubbing against people/objects
vocalizing
posturing
Camelids attain puberty at what age?
5 months - 2 years
*dependent on body weight
Camelids are nonseasonally polyestrous and are _____ ovulators.
induced
