Male Genitalia Flashcards
what is the epididymis’ role?
- storage
- maturation
- transport
of sperm
what structure transports sperm from the epididymis tail to the urethra?
vas deferens
what makes up the spermatic cord
vas deferens
blood vessels
nerves
muscle fibers
what does the spermatic cord pass through?
inguinal canal
what are the 3 borders of the hesselbach triangle
- inferior epigastric
- rectus abdominus
- inguinal ligament
internal inguinal ring is aka
deep inguinal ring
external inguinal ring is aka
superficial inguinal ring
what does NAVEL stand for
Nerve
artery
vein
empty space
lymph
moves lateral to medial
femoral triangle contents
normal testis length for prepubertal boys
1.5-2cm
what is the noraml testis length post puberty
4-5cm
what are the 6 things you should focus on for health history?
- SOGI
- Past number
- history of STI
- hernias
- penile discharge/lesions
- scrotal or testicular pain, swelling, masses, lesions
transgender women
individual who was born a male at birth but identifies as a female currently
what hernia is associated with weakness in hesselbach’s triangle
direct hernia
what three things should be evaluated for penile discharge
- amount
- color
- associated symptoms (fever, rash, chills, dysuria, urinary sx)
white or clear discharge is associated with
chlamydia (non-gonnoccocal urethritis)
Yellow discharge is associated with
gonorrhea
what associated sx will disseminated gonorrhea present with?
- rash
- tenosynovitis
- mono-articular arthritis
- meningitis
what pain is associated with chancroid ulcers?
painful
(deep ulcer)
what type of pain is associated with chancre of primary syphilis? describe the ulcer size?
Painless
erosion up to 2cm in diameter
what ulcer is an erosion that is up to 2cm in diameter and clear/glistening
chancre of primary syphilis
What type of pain is associated with Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
painless ulcer
genital warts aka
condyloma acuminata
what is a cauliflower type lesion?
condyloma acuminata
what are penile vesicles aka
genital herpes simplex
what pain is associated with genital herpes simplex
painful erosision/ulcer if the vesicular membrane breaks
describe genital herpes simplex
small scattered or group vesicles on erythematous base
what can cause scrotal or testicular pruritus
scabies or pediculosis pubis
what can cause scrotal or testicular swelling
4
mumps orchitis
scrotal edema
testicular cancer
hydrocele
what can cause scrotal or testicular pain
- testicular cancer
- torsion
- epididymitis
- orchitis
what position can the patient be for PE
sstanding, sitting, supine
what are you inspecting for on PE of the penis?
skin on the ventral and dorsal surface and base of penis
* excoriations or inflammation
what can cause excoriations
- scabies
- peduculosis pubis
Prepuse aka
foreskin
when examining the penis ______ the foreskin
retract for detection of chancre or carcinoma
what is Phimosis
tight foreskin that can not be retracted over the glans
smegma is
secretions of glans that normally accumulate under the foreskin
* white, cheesy materal
what is paraphimosis
a tight foreskin that once retracted cannot be returned
what are you looking for on inspection of the glans
- ulcers
- scars
- nodules
- signs
*
what is balanitis
inflammation of the glans
what is balanoposthitis
inflammation of the glans and prepuce
what should you check for when looking at the urethral meatus
- location
- discharge
what is hypospadias
congential displacement
urethral meatus moves to the anterior/ventral surface of the penis (down)
what is epispadias
a congenital displacement of the meatus to the dorsal (top) part of the penis
what should you palpate the penis for?
- any induration
- any tenderness
what is peyronie disease
palpable, non tender hard plaques found just beneath the skin on the dorsum of the penis
what is a main symptom of peyronie disease
curved/painful erections
what is carcinoma of the penis
indurated nodule or ulcer that is nontender
what is the MC risk factor fo carcinoma of the penis?
in uncircumcised men
what is a suspicious symptom of carcinoma of the penis?
penile sores
what two diseases are associated with painful ulcers of the scrotum
herpes
chancroid
what is an epidermoid cyst?
a benign, dome-shaped white or yellow papules or nodules
what are you looking for upon inspection of the scrotum
- swelling
- lumps
- veins
- bulging
- asymmetry
*
what is cryptorchidism
absense of one or both testes from the scrotum
what are 4 common scrotal swelling causes
- indirect inguinal hernia
- hydrocele
- scrotal edeam
- testicular cancer
what conditions is associated with scrotal edema that makes the scrotal skin taut bilaterally?
- heart failure
- liver failure
- nephrotic sydnrome
what should you inspect the inguinal area for?
erythema, excoriation, visible adenopathy
how is tinea cruris described?
beefy red rash in the inguinal area
how should the testes feel?
firm, descended, symmetric, nontender, without masses
what age range is testicular cancer most common?
age 15-34 yo
what pain is associated with testicular cancer>
painless nodule
what should the epididymis feel like?
- palpable on posterior surface of each testicle
- feels nodular, cord-like, non tender
where should you palpate for the spermatic cord
palpate from the epididymis to external inguinal ring
*palpate for any nodules or swellings
what 3 things are associated + transillumination
- hydrocele
- spermatocele
- epididymil cyst
glows red
what 3 things are associated with (-) transillumination
- tumor
- hernia
- normal testes
light is blocked
how do you palpate for inguinal hernia
ask the patient to cough with palpation at the external inguinal ring and again with palpation towards internal inguinal ring
direct inguinal hernia is located near the _ and pushes against what
external inguinal; the side of the finger
indirect inguinal hernia is located near the _ and pushes against what
internal inguinal ring; the fingertip
what is an incarcerated hernia?
hernia can not be returned to the cavity
what is a strangulatred hernia
when the blood supply to the trapped contents is compromised
emergency surgery
how to palpate for the femoral hernia
- below the inguinal ligament
- move medially toward the pubic tubercle over the femoral canal
- ask the pt to strain
scrotal hernia is most commonly due to
indirect inguinal hernia
what is a reducible scrotal hernia
scrotal mass that returns to abdomen when the pt lies down or with pressure
does a scrotal hernia transilluminate?
no
can you auscultate bowel sounds over the scrotum for scrotal hernia?
possible
can examining fingers get above a scrotal hernia?
no
