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patient assessment > Head > Flashcards

Head Flashcards

1
Q

headache without an identified underlying disease

A

Primary headache

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2
Q

headache WITH an identified underlying structural, systemic, or infectious diease

A

secondary headache

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3
Q

migraines, tension, cluster, chronic daily are what type of headaches?

A

primary

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4
Q

meningitis, mass lesion, subarachnoid hemorrhage are what type of headache

A

secondary

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5
Q

what does everyheadache warrant

A

EVALUATION FOR LIFE THREATENING SECONDARY CAUSES

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6
Q

important questions for headaches?

A
  • unilateral or bilateral?
  • Severe with sudden onset (thunderclap)
  • steady or throbbing?
  • continuous or intermittent
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7
Q

most important symptom attributes for headache

A
  • severity
  • chronological order
  • associated symptoms (double vision, vision changes, numbness, weaknesss, N/V, fever, stiff neck)
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8
Q

what is an unusual feeling such as euphoria, craving for food, fatigue, dizziness, sensitivity to light or sound

A

Prodrome

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9
Q

what is neurologic symptoms such as change in vision, numbness, tingling, or weakness?

A

Aura

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10
Q

what are the 4 phases of a migraine?

A
  1. prodrome
  2. aura
  3. migraine headache
  4. post drome
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11
Q

what phase of a migraine has irritability, head throbbing, nausea/vertigo, sensitivity

A

migraine headache

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12
Q

what phase of migraines is hungover feeling and fatigue?

A

post drome

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13
Q

what are some headache warning signs?

A
  • progressive frequent (3 mths)
  • thunderclap feeling
  • new onset >50yo
  • aggravated/alleviated by change in position
  • precipitated by valsalva maneuvar
  • fever, night sweats, weight loss
  • cofactors of cancer, HIV, pregnancy
  • recent heard trauma
  • changes
  • no prior experiences
  • papilledema, neck stiffness, focal neurologic deficits
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14
Q

sudden vertigo with rolling onto the affected side/tilting head; may have n/v or nystagmus

A

BPPV

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15
Q

spinning sensation within the patient or of the surroundings

A

vertigo

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16
Q

what disease has a trio of vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus

may also have ear pressure, n/v, nystagmus

A

Meniere’s Disease

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17
Q

what disease is from compression of cranial never VIII causing vertigo, tinnitus, loss of hearing in one ear

A

Acoustic neuroma

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18
Q

what happens to the hair with hyperthyroidism

A

thinning hair

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19
Q

what are the 5 components of a hair examination

A
  1. hair
  2. scalp
  3. skull
  4. face
  5. skin
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20
Q
A
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21
Q

what should you exam the face for?

A

facial expressions, contours for asymmetry, involuntary movements, edema, masses

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21
Q

what to exam the hair for?

A

quantity, distribution, texture, pattern of hair loss

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21
Q

what should you exam the scalp for?

A

scaliness, lumps, nevi, lesions

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21
Q

what should you exam the skull for?

A

size & contour
deformities, depressions, lumps/tenderness

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22
Q

what should you exam the skin for?

A

color, pigmentation, texture, thickness, hair distribution, lesions

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23
Q

what is buildup of CSF in the ventricles deep in the brain?

common in children

A

hydrocephalus

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24
Q

what pathology is an enlarge head with hearing loss or headaches?

A

paget disease of the bone

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25
Q

what does cushing syndrome do to your face

A

moon face with red cheeks

may have excess hair growth on the face

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26
Q

what does nephrotic syndrome do to the face

A

edematous and pale face
swelling around the eyes in the morning

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27
Q

what is characterized by dull, puffy faces with dry skin; nonpitting edema around the eyes; dry coarse hair with loss of lateral eyebrowns

A

myxedma

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28
Q

when is myxedma seen?

A

in severe hypothyroidism

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29
Q

what happens to the eyebrowns in cases of severe hypothyroidism/myxedma

A

loss of the lateral 3rd of the eyebrow

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30
Q

what can cause parotid gland enlargement?

A
  • mumps
  • neoplasm
  • Sialolithiasis
  • Obesity
  • diabetes
  • cirrhosis
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31
Q

what do you tell a pt who has sialolithiasis

A

to eat warheads

32
Q

what causes acromegaly

A

increased growth hormone

33
Q

what pathology is an elongated head, bony predominance of the forehead/nose/lower jaw, and soft tissue of the nose/lips/ears?

A

acromegaly

34
Q

what disease causes “mask-like” expressions

A

parkinson disease

35
Q

what pathology is characterized by facial mobility, decreased blinking, staring, and possibly drooling

A

parkinson

36
Q

what is the most common type of headache?

A

tension

37
Q

what headache is bilateral or generalized to the back of head or neck

A

tension headache

38
Q

how would somenone describe/rate a tension headache?

A

tightening, steady and mild-moderate

39
Q

what is the onset of a tension headache

A

gradual onset lasting 30 min to 7 days

40
Q

scalp or muscle tenderness are associated symptoms with

A

tension headache

41
Q

what can trigger tension headaches

A

sustained muscle tension, stress, sleep disturbances

42
Q

what relieves a tension headache

A

massage, relaxation

43
Q

are migraines more common in men or women?

A

women

44
Q

where are migraines typically located

A

unilateral is mc; bifrontal or global otherwise

45
Q

what headache is throbbing with preceding aura

A

migraine

46
Q

what is the onset of migraines?

A

rapid onset & recurrent

47
Q

prodrome, n/v, photophobia and phonophobia are associated symptoms of

A

migraine headache

48
Q

what can trigger migraine headaches

A

alcohol, certain foods, stress, menses

49
Q

how do you relieve migraines

A

quiet dark rooms, sleep

50
Q

what headache is more common in men

A

cluster headaches

51
Q

what is the location of cluster headaches? bilateral or unilateral?

A

unilateral
behind/around the eye or temple

52
Q

what headache is sharp, continuous and severe in intensity

A

cluster

53
Q

what headache has abrupt onset that lasts 15min to 3hrs

A

cluster

54
Q

why is cluster headache called cluster>

A

headaches are clustered to several each day for weeks

55
Q

unilateral lacrimation, rhinorrhea, miosis, ptosis is what type of headache?

A

Cluster

56
Q

what can aggravate cluster headaches?

A

alcohol

57
Q

how do you alleviate cluster headaches?

A

oxygen

58
Q

what eye disorders are associated with headaches?

A

astigmatism and farsightedness

59
Q

where are headaches from eye disorders olocated?

A

around/over the eyes and radiates to occipital area

60
Q

eye fatigue with a “sandy sensation” and redness of the conjunctiva describes

A

eye disorder headaches

61
Q

what are the aggravator/alleviators of eye disorder headaches

A

Aggravator: close work
Alleviator: rest of eyes

62
Q

what is a sudden increase in IOP causing sudden severe pain in/around one eye?

A

acute glaucoma

63
Q

blurred vision, N/V, halos around lights, reddening of eyes is associated with . . .

A

acute glaucoma

64
Q

local tenderness, nasal congestion, discharge, fever is associated with what headache?

A

sinusitis headaches

65
Q

what sinuses typically cause sinusitis headaches

A

frontal/maxillary sinuses

66
Q

what headache is aggravated by leaning forward, coughing, sneezign, jarrying head

A

sinusitis headache

67
Q

what headache is generalized, steady, throbbing and severe

A

menigitis

68
Q

what are some s/sx of meningitis headaches

A
  • fever
  • stiff neck
  • photophobia
  • change in mental status
69
Q

thunderclap headache

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

70
Q

what is bleeding from ruptured cerebral aneurysm

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

71
Q

how would you describe a subarachnoid hemorrhage

A
  • generalized and sudden/sever
  • “worst headache of my life”
  • n/v, loss of conciousness, neck pain
72
Q

what is the cause of a headache that is progressive, achey, steady, dull, and worse on awakening

A

brain tumorr

73
Q

what symptoms are associated with brain tumor headaches

A
  • seizures
  • hemiparesis
  • field cuts in vision
  • personality changes
  • n/v
  • vision changes
  • gait changes
74
Q

is giant cell arteritis more common in men or women

A

women older than 50

75
Q

where is giant cell arteritis headaches located

A

localized over the temporal artery

76
Q

what s/sx are associated with giant cell arteritis headaches

A
  • tenderness of temporal artery
  • fever
  • fatigue
  • weight loss
  • jaw claudication
  • visual loss
  • polyarticular joint pain
77
Q

how quickly is the onset of a post concussion headache

A

within 7days-3 months of an injury

78
Q

how long can postconcussion headaches last

A

weeks-years

79
Q

what s/sx are associated with post concussion headaches

A
  • drowsiness
  • poor concentration
  • confusion
  • memory loss
  • blurred vision
  • dizziness
  • irritabilyt
  • restlessness
  • fatigue
    *
80
Q

what headache is shock like, stabbing, buring in the cheek/jaws/lips/gums that is paroxysmal and lasts seconds

A

trigeminal neuralgia (CN V)

81
Q

what can trigger trigeminal neuralgia headaches

A

touching certain areas of the lower face/mouth, talking, brushing teeth

patient assessment (19 decks)

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