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Patient Assessment > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

sebaceous glands

A
  • fatty substance secreted onto the skin surface through hair follicules
  • all skin except palms and soles
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2
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A
  1. eccrine
  2. apocrine
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3
Q

widely distributed glands that open directly onto skin surface & helps control body temp

A

eccrine gland

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4
Q

glands primarily in the axillary and genital area that open directly onto skin surface & are stimulated by emotional stress

A

apocrine glands

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5
Q

what causes body ordor

A

bacterial decomposition of apocrine sweat

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6
Q

function of skin

A
  • vitamin D synthesis
  • barrier and immunologic fxn
  • melanin production
  • sensation
  • temp regulation
  • protection from trauma
  • aesthetrics
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7
Q

skin color determined by

A
  • melanin
  • carotene
  • bilirubin
  • hemoglobin
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8
Q

Fitzpatrick skin type classification scale

A
  1. very fair
  2. fair
  3. light brown
  4. moderate/olive
  5. dark brown
  6. deeply pigmeneted dark brown
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9
Q
  • lesions
  • pruritis
  • hair loss & nail change
    are
A

concerning symptoms

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10
Q

what to note about new lesions

A
  • type, location, onset, changes, associated sx
  • family history
  • date of last skin check
  • sunscreen use
  • immunosuppression
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11
Q

generalized itching w/o rash can be due to

A
  • dry skin
  • pregnancy
  • uremia
  • hyperbilirubemia
  • leukemia
  • drug reactions
  • polycythemia vera
  • thryoid dx
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12
Q

what to inspect and palpate the skin for?

A
  • color
  • moisture
  • temperature
  • texture
  • mobility/turgor
  • lesions
  • rashes
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13
Q

what do you examine with the patient seated?

A
  • hair/scalp
  • head/neck
  • back/posterior neck
  • shoulder, arms , hands
  • chest & abdomen
  • thighs, lower legs, feet & toes
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14
Q

what part of the examine do you have the pt stand for?

A

lower back, butt, posterior thighs

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15
Q

What is the order of examination w/ pt lying supine

A
  1. hair/scalp
  2. head and neck
  3. shoulder, arms, hands
  4. chest abd.
  5. lower legs feet, toes, thighs
  6. have pt turn over to inspect posterior
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16
Q

what 8 things should the description of a lesion include

A
  1. primary lesion name
  2. number
  3. size
  4. shape
  5. color
  6. texture
  7. location
  8. configuration
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17
Q

circumbscribed flat area of change in the color of skin <1cm

A

macule

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18
Q

circumscribed flat area of change in the color of skin >1cm

A

patch

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19
Q

small, raised, solid elevation of skin <1cm

A

papule

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20
Q

larger, raised, flatter elevated of skin >1cm

A

plaque

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21
Q

Solid elevation of skin >1cm that extends into deeper skin layers

A

nodules

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22
Q

small, sircumscribed elevation of epidermis filled with purulent fluid appearing white

A

pustule

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23
Q
A
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24
Q

small, circumscribed elevation of epidermis filled with clear fluid <1cm

A

vesicle

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25
Q

larger, circumscribed elevation of the epidermis filled with clear fluid >1cm

A

bulla

26
Q

inflamed hair follicle (boil or abscess)

A

furuncle

27
Q

multiple furnucles coalescing together

A

carbuncle

28
Q

well-defined, mobile, firm, subepidermal nodule

A

subcutaneous nodules

29
Q

benign cysts that grow from hair follicles

A

pilar cysts

30
Q

fatty, soft, mobile and well defined subcutaneous nodules

A

lipoma

31
Q

focal loss of epidermis or mucosasl epithelium (superficial)

A

erosion

32
Q

focal loss of skin extending PAST THE EPIDERMIS (deeper)

A

ulcer

33
Q

molluscum contagiosum

A
  • dome shaped papule
  • associated w molluscum contagiosum bacteria
34
Q

circumscribed, raised lesion consisting of dermal edema that comes and goes
-redder than surrounding skin

A

wheal

35
Q

what is the primary lesion of urticaria

A

wheal

36
Q

what can accompany wheals

A

dermographism

37
Q

pushing the lesion/rah and seeing if redness goes away or lessens

A

blanching

38
Q

petechiae, purpura, cherry angiomas are

A

non-blanching lesions

39
Q

telangiectasis, spider angioma, inflammatory lesions, post-inflammatory hyperemia/hyperpigmentation are

A

blanching lesions

40
Q

bleeding underneath the skin causing bruising

A

ecchymosis

41
Q

non blanching red/purple macules, punctate foci of hemorrhage <4mm

A

petechiae

42
Q

what can petechiae suggest

A
  • bleeding disorders
  • cutaneous emboli
43
Q

non-blanching red/purple macules/plaques >4mm

A

purpura

44
Q

what should you be concerned about with purpura is palpable

A

vasculitis

45
Q

dried exudate on the skin

A

crust

46
Q

partly separated dried epithelial cells

A

scale

47
Q

honey colored crust with vesicles & superficial erosions

A

imetigo

48
Q

ringed-shaped lesions w/ scaly border and central clearing of

A

tinea corporis

49
Q

silvery scales on bright red, well demarcated plaques

A

psoriasis

50
Q

small linear or serpiginous pathways in the pidermis created by the scabies mite

A

burrow

51
Q

linear erosion or ulcer caused by scratching

A

excoriation

52
Q

how to measure size

A
  • along the axis
  • then perpendicular to axis
  • list larger number first
53
Q

shape name of ring-line with central clearing

A

annular

54
Q

shape name of coin-like without central clearing

A

nummular or discoid

55
Q

shape name of rings with central duskiness

A

irregular, polygonal, target, bullseye, iris

56
Q

configuration

A

the arrangment of groups
* linear or straight
* serpiginous or gyrate
* dermatomal

57
Q

serpiginous or gyrate

A

linear, branched and curving elements

58
Q

textures of skin findings

A
  • ssmooth
  • fleshy
  • verrucous (waxy)
  • rough
  • scaly
59
Q

types of scales

A
  • keratonic
  • rough
  • greasy
60
Q

slide 37

A

Patient Assessment (20 decks)

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