Male and Female Pathologies Flashcards
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH)
increase in glandular and fibro muscular tissue
fibro muscular hypertrophy leads to denervation
lesions in the peri-urethral zones compared to peripheral zones in Ca
BPH signs and symptoms
frequency urgency incontinence nocturia UTI renal failure if not treated
Prostate Cancer
adenocarcinoma of the peripheral zone of the prostate
Symptoms of Prostate Cancer
asymptomatic in early stages
hip or back pain, weight loss, anaemia, SOB, blood on ejaculation
Prostatitis
variety of inflammatory disorders of the prostate gland or bacterial and other origins
Priapism
involuntary, abnormal and painful erection
leads to: ischaemia, fibrosis of erectile tissue, subsequent impotence
Penile Cancer
begins as a small lump or ulcer
mainly squamous cell carcinoma
Varicole
abnormal dilation of vein within spermatic cord
Hydrocele
Fluid within tunica vaginalis
Torsion of the Testes
twisting of spermatic cord that suspends the testis and the spermatic vessels that supply the testis with blood
Symptoms of torsion of the testes
N+V, tachycardia, large and tender testes in abnormal orientation, pain radiating into inguinal area
Orchititis
uncommon condition of inflammation of the testis, complication due to mumps or systemic infection
Testicular Cancer Symptoms
discomfort or pain in the testicle, pain in the back or lower abdo, enlargement of a testicle or a change in the way it feels
Inguinal Hernia
testes develop in the abdo cavity and descend to the scrotum via inguinal cavity,
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
clinical syndrome resulting from acute infection of the female reproductive tract
Signs and symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease
lower abdo pain, pain increases wither before or after a menstrual period, fever, chills, nausea, yellow discharge
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
imbalance of hormones
Signs and symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome
15-30 yo, anovulation, dysfunctional bleeding, amenorrhea, infertility
Signs and symptoms of ruptured ovarian cyst
sudden pain with rupture of the follicular cyst corpus luteum
localised adrenal tenderness
Endometritis
inflammation of the uterine lining - normally due to infection
Signs and symptoms of endometritis
fever
purulent vaginal discharge
lower abdo pain
Endometriosis
growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus
Signs and symptoms of endometriosis
constant pelvic pain pain exacerbated by menstrual cycle adnexal tenderness painful defecation supra-pubic soreness vaginal spotting