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Malcom X And Black Power 1963-70 Flashcards

1
Q

What was Malcolm X’s name?

A

Malcolm Little

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2
Q

When was Malcolm X born?

A

19th May 1925

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3
Q

Describe and what hapened to Malcolm X’s farther

A

He was a baptist minister and was murdered when Malcolm X was 6

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4
Q

When happend to Malcolm X’s mother?

Therefore what happened to Malcolm X?

A

She had a mental breakdown

The children were put in foster homes

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5
Q

What happened in the middle of Malcolm X’s life?

A

He went to jail in 1946 for bulgary where hw joined the NOI

He become acusto ed to muslim and black nationalism beliefs

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6
Q

What does the NOI stand for?

A

Nation Of Islam

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7
Q

What sort of things would the NOI say?

A

White Americans held black Black Americans and that black people needed their own state

In the meanwhile black people should only be interdependent on other black people
(Not to try and intergrate)

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8
Q

What happened to Malcolm X after prison?

A

He became a minister for the NOI and then it’s spokesperson

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9
Q

How many members did the NOI have in 1952?

A

500

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10
Q

How many members did the NOI have after 1963?

A

30,000

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11
Q

What was a big reason why NOI membership increased from 1952-63?

A

Malcolm X becoming the spokesperson

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12
Q

What were Malcolm X’s belifes?

A

He rejected nin-violence

He critisised people such as MLK

He wanted for black people to break away from the (“White America”)

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13
Q

When did Malcolm X start his own religious organistation?

After what?

A

1964 (after he left the NOI)

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14
Q

What was Malcolm X’s new religious organistaion called?

A

Muslim Mosque Inc

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15
Q

What was the NOI’s responce to Malcolm X leaving?

A

They made death threats

They spoke out against him

They firebombed his home several times

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16
Q

What changed Malcolm X’s views?

A

He went on a pilgramage to Mecca and returned with changed views

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17
Q

What was Malcolm X’s chainged views?

A

More willing to accept intergration

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18
Q

How was Malcolm X’s new views shown?

A

He set up to Organistaion of Arfican American Unity

He would work with other Civil Rights groups eg SNCC and CORE

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19
Q

Why did Malcolm X leave the NOI?

A

Mohammad was suppost to be perfect

However he asked Malcolm to help him cover up affairs (and multiple children) which he had had.

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20
Q

Where was Malcolm X when he was assasonated?

A

New York making a speach

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21
Q

When was Malcolm X assasonated?

A

21 Febuary 1965

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22
Q

How was Malcolm X assasonated?

A

Shot 15 times when he was rushed by 3 members of the NOI whilst he was making a speach

1965

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23
Q

When was Malcolm X’s funeral

A

27 Febuary 1965

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24
Q

How many people went to Malcolm X’s funeral?

A

Over 15,000

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25
What was "black power"?
A slogan used by more radical black radical groups from about 1963 onwards
26
What sort of beliefs did "black power" groups have?
Encouraged black people to br proud of their culture and heritage Rejected help from white people Argued against intergration Were influenced by Malcolm X Use militant language and spoke about revolutions
27
Who often supported black power movements the most? Explain possibly why this is?
Poor people Black power groups pften spoke of improving the lives of poor black americans as well. They may have felt the worst of racism as they lived in the ghettos
28
Why may have black power grown?
There was slow progress and legistation wasn't working Many civil rights leaders had shifted to problems like poverty People wanted to have pride and they belived in themself Groups like the Black Panthers often got good results on ishued they wanted solved
29
What did Stokely Carmichael do?
After the voting rights act he and some other SNCC members set up the Loendes County Freedom Orgnaistaion Was elected leader of SNCC in 1966 Belived in non-violence but thought some things needed to change so he brough in some more people who belived in black power into SNCC
30
What did the Lowndes County Freedom Organisation do?
It's slogan was "Vote for the panther, then go home"
31
What was Stokley Carmichael elected chair of SNCC?
May 1966
32
Who led the march against fear?
James Meredith
33
When was the march against fear?
June 1966
34
Where was the march against fear?
Mississippi
35
Whta was the march agaisnt fear protesting against?
Black people reciving violence
36
What happened to James Meredith?
He was shot on day 2 whilst leading the march against fear
37
Who took over the march against fear after the incident?
MLK and Stikley Carmichael
38
What happened with the new leaders of the March against fear?
MLK wanted a peaceful protest Carmichael's militant speaches made it more radical and violence
39
How did Black power effect CORE and SNCC?
Theu stopped accepting white members They lost a lot of orignial members who belived in non-violence
40
When was the Mexico olympics held?
1968
41
What was a symbol of black power?
A raised clemched fist
42
When was the mexico olympics?
1968
43
Give the name of 2 black americans who won medals at the olympics? Which medals? Which event?
Tommie Smith and John Carlos - gold and bronze medals 200m race
44
What was contriversal at the Mexico olympics?
During the national anthem the 2 black athlets did the black power salute whilst the US national anthem was playing
45
What was the result of the black power salute in the Mexico olympics?
They were booed and recived racial abuse (directly afterwards) They were suspended from the US team US newspapers condemed them as did politicians They recived death threats There actions inspired a lot of younger black americans
46
Who were the Black Panthers?
One of the larger black power groups One of the most feared (In their view one of the most misunderstood)
47
When were the Black Panthers set up?
October 1966
48
Where was the Black Panthers set up?
California
49
Who set up the Black Panthers?
Huey P. Newton | Bobby Seale
50
How did the Black Panthers get well known?
Theu brought guns to the state capitol in Sacramento protesting against a change to the gun laws - this scared many people and made the news
51
What was unique with the Black Panthers?
They were willing to work with white people who shared their belifes
52
What was the general black panther uniform?
Black beret, Black rousers, Black lether jacket
53
What did most members of the Black Panthers see themself as?
There communities own police and social workers of their community
54
What would a lot of Black Panther members do?
Patrolled black communities streets to keep them safe Worked to create "rainbow coalitions" Controlled traffic around schools to keep children safe Pressed white governemnrt officials to maintain black areas Ran cources of black history Carried guns (self deffence) and tape measures Organised charity work eg providing free shoes Ran breakfats clubs for poor black children before school
55
What was the black pantyers 10 point programme?
Wanted freedom Full employment for their people End of robary by captalists in their communities Decent housing Education for their people - including their true history All balck men to be free for having to serve in the military Immidiate end to police brutality Freedom for all black men held in prisons Black people to be tried by a black jury They wanted land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace
56
What did the Black Panthers achieve?
Helped to improve living conditions in ghettos Clinics and breakfats clubs were sucesful Improved the lives of many Black Americans Many shootouts with police (which they called pigs)
57
What happened in July 1967?
Californa passed a law making it illegal to carry guns in public places
58
What haooened to Huey Newton? What did this lead to?
In October he was badly wounded in a shot-out with the police He was then charged for murder "Free Huey" campaign
59
What did the Free Huey campaign do?
Gained a lot of support an publicity for them
60
By late 1968 how many city shad black panther movements in them?
25
61
What was the most black panthers there was ever at one time?
About 2,000

History Civil Rights (7 decks)

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