Malaria Flashcards
What is the paroxysm occurence for vivax?
48 hrs
Name the cell that infects a person via a mosquite bite?
sporozoites
What is gold standard for diagnosing malaria?
blood smear
Why are rosettes particulary dangerous?
Because they can bind to endothelium, cause hypoxia and ischemia.
Which malaria species can become hypnozoite?
vivaxe and ovale?
What is the most common malaria species? Most common in Africa?
Vivaxe
Falciprium
What life stage is the plasmodium in when it infects RBC?
merozoites
What cells does plasmodium initially have tropism for?
hepatic cells
Which cytokines are activated by rosettes?
INF, TNFalpha and IL-1
Name some things that infer resistance to Malaria?
sickle cell train, blood type, HbC and partial immunity from habitation
Describe the mechanism for Chloroquine.
Drug binds FPIX and prevents conversion to hemozoin. FPIX is toxic to cell.
Chronic use of Chloroquine can cause this defect?
Blindness
When would you use Quinine?
For Cholorquine resistant falciparum.
What are the side effects of Quinidine?
Cardiac problems
What drug is the radical cure?
Premoquine
If Quinine + Doxy is unavailable and you need to treat a patient with Chloroquine resistant vivax what drug would you use?
Mefloroquine
List the 5 possible treatments for falciprum?
Chlorquine Quinine + Doxy Meflorquine Atovaquone+Proguanil Artemether + Lumefantrine
Why are artemeisins never given alone?
To avoid selecting for resistance
What enzyme does Proguanil inhibit?
GHFR
Which malaria drugs work by inhibiting the ETC?
Premoquine and Atoqaune
Neuropschyatiric problems are a side effect of which antimalarial?
Mefloquine
G-6-PD is assoiciated most with which malaria drug?
Premoquine
3 methods of protection from malaria?
Netting, avoid infested areas, repellant, prophyrlaxis
Which drugs are effective against the sporozoite stage of plasmidum?
There are none
