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IHO > Innate Immunity > Flashcards

Innate Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Number of toll like receptors

A

10

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2
Q

List stages of phagocytosis

A

ligand binding, engulfment, phagosome formation, lysosome fusion, membrance disruption/fusion, presentation of MHC CLass II

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3
Q

MHC

A

Major Histine Compatiability

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4
Q

3 things the innate immune response recognizes

A

PAMPS
DAMPS
absence of self markers - via NK

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5
Q

Name 2 small antimicrobial peptides

A

Defensins and cathelicidins

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6
Q

2 main classes of defensins

A

alpha and beta

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7
Q

describe alpha defensins

A

29-35 aa long
mainly in PMN and Paneth cells of small intestine
e.g. HNP 1-4 and HD 5-6

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8
Q

These defensins are secreted by mucosal surface epitherlia

A

beta

HBD - human beta defensins

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9
Q

2 things that bind to TLRs

A

PAMPs

DAMPs

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10
Q

Name some PAMPS

A

LPS, PGN, lipopeptids, flagellin, bacterial DNA and viral dsDNA

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11
Q

Stimulation of TLR activates these cells which result in IFNS, cytokines and chemokines

A

AP-1, NF-kappaB and interferon regulatory factors

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12
Q

most important transcription factor in immune system

A

nNF-kappaB

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13
Q

Only TLR that does not use MyD88

A

TLR3

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14
Q

TLR which makes which pathways?

A

?

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15
Q

TLR are known as these alternate names

A

CD281, 282 etc

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16
Q

TLR7 works well against

A

viruses - ssRNA

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17
Q

Activation of NF-kappaB causes these response

A

Expression of proinflamatory genes
Increased phagocytosis and ROS and NOS
Increased efficency of antigen presentation

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18
Q

3 pathways of complement activation

A

classical - adaptive
lectin - innate
alternative - innate

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19
Q

Part of classical pathway complement that binds to antigen:antibody complex

A

C1q

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20
Q

Macrophages perfer a macrophage is bound to these 2 things

A

antibody and C3

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21
Q

C3a, C4a, C5a activate these cells

A

PMN and macrophage degranulation

cause mast cells and basophils to degranulate

22
Q

Place where C3b adn C4b are deposited

A

Any surface with exposed amine or hydroxl

23
Q

Cells that protect body from membrance attack complex

A

pretectin CD59 adn HRF

24
Q

Edema, hyperthermia, local hypoxia and extravasation are all signs of this

A

inflammation

25
Q

Result of increased Histamine

A

increased vascular permeability

26
Q

These triggers both stimulate E-selectin

A

TNF and Il-1

27
Q

Result of release of IL-8

A

chemotaxis

28
Q

Purpose of acute inflammation

A

recruti/activate leukocytes, eliminate pathogens, resolve dame, remove leukocytes from tissue and regenerate tissue function

29
Q

Most common cells in acute inflammation

A

neutrophils

30
Q

chronic inflammation have higher proportions of these cells

A

macrophages, cytotoxic T cells and B cells

31
Q

List some important inflammatory cytokines

A

TNFalpha, IL-1 adn IFNgamma

32
Q

common site of adhesion and migration of lymphocytes

A

venoule

33
Q

These proteins help pull leukocytes into tissue

A

E-selectin

34
Q

name inflammatory mediators

A

histamine, etc…

35
Q

Most numerous cell in innate immune system

A

PMNs

36
Q

Potent toxin against helminth worms

A

MBP - major basic protein

37
Q

Signals required to diff. to eosinophils, basophils

A

IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5

Il-3, GM-CSF and IL-4

38
Q

These cells release histamine when IgE on surface is linked by antige

A

Basophils

39
Q

Name macrophages in brain

A

Microglial cells

40
Q

cells that are major producers of cytokine and lymphokines

A

macrophages

41
Q

cells that are a bridge between innate and adaptive immune system

A

macrophages

42
Q

response of IL-10

A

deactivation of macrophages

43
Q

this receptor binds Antibody on macrophages

A

FcR

44
Q

2 cells that dendritic cells present to

A

T cell and B cells

45
Q

Location of dendritic cells

A

skin, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and under mucosal epithelia

46
Q

cytokines produced by myeloid dendritic cells

A

IL-8, IL-12

47
Q

macrophages present to these T cells while dendritic cells present to this type of T cell

A

activated and naive

48
Q

Name 3 APC

A

B cell, macrophage and DC

49
Q

Name 3 receptors for bacterium on pahogocyte

A

FcR, CR and MR

50
Q

alternate name for NK cells

A

large granular lymphocytes

51
Q

cytokine released by NK cells

A

INFgamma

52
Q

Name some deficeincy of innnate immunity

A

Congential neutropenina, CGD, LAD, Complement defects, Chediak-Higashi syndrome

IHO (14 decks)

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