anemia Flashcards
Define WAHA
warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia
WAHA pearls
IgG
Spleen
Spherocytes
Define CAHA
cold autoimmunei hemolytic anemia
CAHA pearls
IgM, complement
Intravascular hemolysis
Agglutination
Clinical Signs of CAHA
Chronic hemolysis aggravated by cold
Pallor/cyanosis in cold body parts
What are Hemoglobinopathies?
Structurally abnormal hemoglobin - most important one is sickle cell anemis
Describe sickle beta chains
valine where a glutamate should be
Treatment of sickle crisis
Blood transfusion, BMT
Problems in Beta-thalassemia
defective transcription, translation, or mRNA processing of beta-chain
Thalassemia can look like this disorder
iron def. anemia
hypochromic, microcytic amnemia
Heinz body anemia refers to this
G6PD def.
Cause of Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemis
Physical trauma to cells
Hallmark of Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
triangulocyte
ACOD pearls
Infections, Inflammation, Malignancy
Iron metabolism disturbed
Mormochromic, normocytic
Usually mild
Anemia of Renal Disease Pearls
End stage renal failure
Lack of EPO
Echinocytes
Anemia of Liver Disease Pearls
Multiple causes, usually complicated
Acanthocytes
Aplastic Anemia disease Pearls
Pancytopenia
Empty marrow
Most are idiopathic
None idipathic causes of Aplastic anemia
Drugs
Viruses
Pregnancy
Fanconi anemia
For what anemias may you see spheroctyes?
WAHA, CAHA
Name the abnormal shape anemias
G6PD Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia Thallasemia Hemoglobinoptahies Anemia of Renal Disease Anemia of LIver Disease
List some cause for Normocytic, normal shape RBC anemia
AOCD
Aplastic Anemia
Anemia of blood loss
How would you treat WAHA?
Steroids and splenectomy
Definitive diagnostic tool for distinguishing Hemoglobinapthies and Thallasemia
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Some aplastic anemia
Blood
G-CSF, Prednisone, AGD (immunosupprant)
Last resort - BMT
