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CHY1301 - Fundamentals of inorganic chemistry > Magnetism and Jahn-Teller > Flashcards

Magnetism and Jahn-Teller Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the magnetic spin values of electrons?

A

+1/2

-1/2

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2
Q

What do electrons behave like?

A

Tiny bar magnets

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3
Q

What is diamagnetic?

A

All electrons are spin paired

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4
Q

How do diamagnetic complexes react with a magnetic field?

A

They are repelled

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5
Q

What is paramagnetic?

A

Complexes have unpaired electrons

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6
Q

How do paramagnetic complexes react with a magnetic field?

A

They are attracted

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7
Q

What is the spin only formula to work out the effective magnetic moment?

A

µ = √n(n+2)

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8
Q

What are the unit for effective magnetic moment?

A

Bohr Magnetons

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9
Q

What is n in the equation for effective magnetic moment?

A

Number of unpaired electrons

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10
Q

What are the only values n can have in the effective magnetic moment equation?

A

0 to 5

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11
Q

Why is measuring effective magnetic moment useful?

A

It can distinguish between high-spin and low spin and help determine co-ordination geometries

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12
Q

If an equation gives you a value of BM and asks you which ligand it would be, what must you do?

A

Work out what the BM is for high and low spin
Whichever is closer is the right one
Then assign which ligand would be high spin or low spin

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13
Q

What is spin crossover?

A

The spin state of complexes can change due to externam stimulus

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14
Q

What can spin crossover be initiated by?

A

Pressure

Temperature

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15
Q

What is paramagnetism?

A

The spins are randomly orientated in the material

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16
Q

What is ferromagnetism?

A

The spins are all aligned
Above a certain temperature, the thermal energy is enough to overcome the alignment and normal paramagnetic behaviour prevails

17
Q

What is antiferromagnetism?

A

The spins become aligned anti-parallel which leads to a diamagentic material
They are spin paired

18
Q

What is ferrimagnetism?

A

Some spins are aligned anti-parallel to others but overall there is a finite magnetic moment in one direction

19
Q

What is the Jahn-Teller effect?

A

If a ground-state electronic configuration of a non-linear complex is orbitally degenerate, the complex will distort as to remove the degeneracy and achieve a lower energy

20
Q

What is a tetragonal distortion?

A

2 long bonds

4 short bonds

CHY1301 - Fundamentals of inorganic chemistry (36 decks)

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