Atomic orbitals

Question 1

What are wavefunctions?

Answer 1

Mathematical equations of a position in space that describe the wave-behaviour of electrons

Question 2

What equation is used to calculate wavefunctions?

Answer 2

Schrodinger equation

Question 3

What is Ψ² ?

Answer 3

The probability of finding an electron at a given location is proportional to the square of the wavefunction at that point

Question 4

What are the three requirements of wavefunctions?

Answer 4

Finite
Single-valued
Continuous

Question 5

What does finite mean?

Answer 5

There is 100% chance of finding an electron in the atom

Question 6

What does single-valued mean ?

Answer 6

There can only be 1 probability value of finding an electron at a certain point

Question 7

What are the two components to wavefunctions?

Answer 7

Radial component R (r)

Angular component A (θ, ω)

Question 8

What happens to the value of the wavefunction as the distance from the nucleus increases?

Answer 8

Approaches to zero

Question 9

What are the three types of boundary conditions in the hydrogen atom?

Answer 9

1. radial

2. 3. angular

Question 10

Will you find electrons at a node?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

What do the three boundary conditions produce?

Answer 11

3 quantum numbers

Question 12

What two types of nodes are produced from the three boundary conditions?

Answer 12

Radial nodes

Angular nodes

Question 13

What are radial nodes?

Answer 13

determine the effective size

Question 14

What are angular nodes?

Answer 14

determine the shape

Question 15

The higher the number of nodes…

Answer 15

The higher the energy

Question 16

What are the three types of quantum number?

Answer 16

n
ι
Mι

Question 17

What does n stand for in terms of quantum number?

Answer 17

Principle quantum number

Question 18

What does ι stand for in terms of quantum number?

Answer 18

Angular momentum quantum number

Question 19

What does Mι stand for in terms of quantum number?

Answer 19

Magnetic quantum number

Question 20

What does n specify?

Answer 20

Total number of nodes in an orbital

Question 21

How do you calculate the total number of nodes?

Answer 21

n - 1

Question 22

What does ι specify?

Answer 22

the number of angular nodes in an orbital and describes the shape of the orbital

Question 23

What type of value can ι have?

Answer 23

Integer value between 0 and n-1

Question 24

What can the value of angular nodes not be higher than?

Answer 24

total nodes

Question 25

What is Mι?

Answer 25

The number of different orbitals that have the same values of n and ι, describes the orientation

Question 26

What values can Mι have if ι is 0?

Answer 26

Only 0

Question 27

What values can Mι have if ι is 1?

Answer 27

-1, 0, 1

Question 28

What values can Mι have if ι is 2?

Answer 28

-2, -1, 0, +1, +2

Question 29

What is n given as?

Answer 29

Numbers

Question 30

What is ι given as?

Answer 30

Letters

Question 31

What is Mι given as?

Answer 31

Mathematical function

eg, xy, xz

Question 32

What is the shape of the 1s orbital?

Answer 32

Spherically symmetrical and has no nodes

Question 33

What is the shape of the 2s orbital?

Answer 33

One radial node and spherically symmetrical

Question 34

What is the shape of the 3s orbital?

Answer 34

Two radial nodes and spherically symmetrical