Magnetism And Electromagnetism- Triple

Question 1

Define transformers

Answer 1

Changes the size of the voltage of an alternating current

Question 2

Describe how transformers work

Answer 2

1. They have two coils, the primary and secondary joined with an iron core
2. When an alternating voltage is applied across the primary coil the magnetically soft iron core magnetises and demagnetises quickly inducing an alternating voltage in the secondary coil
3. Ratio between the primary and secondary voltage is the same as the ratio between the number of turns on the primary and secondary coils

Question 3

Difference between step-up and step-down transformers

Answer 3

Step-up:
Step the voltage up and have more turns on the secondary coil than the primary

Step-down:
Step the voltage down and they have more turns on the primary coil than the secondary

Question 4

Transformer equation

Answer 4

Input (primary) voltage / output (secondary) voltage = number of turns (primary) / number of turns (secondary)

Question 5

Voltage route from power station

Answer 5

1. A step-up transformer is used to boost the voltage before it is transmitted
2. Step-down transformers are used at the end of the journey to reduce the voltage so it’s more useful and safer to use