Macromolecules

Question 0

Carbon bonds with

Answer 0

Many different things forming millions of possible compounds

Question 1

Organic chemistry

Answer 1

Study of carbon compounds

Question 2

Macromolecules

Answer 2

Large organic molecules of life found in cells

Question 3

Most macromolecules are formed by

Answer 3

Polymerization, the chaining together of many similar pieces to form a whole

Question 4

Four major groups of macromolecules

Answer 4

Carbs
Proteins
Nuclei acids
Lipids

Question 5

Carbs are made of…

Answer 5

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
1:2:1 ratio

Question 6

Carbs

Answer 6

Main energy source for life

Used for structural purposes

Question 7

Monosaccharides

Answer 7

Simple sugars
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

Question 8

Disaccharides

Answer 8

Polymerizations of monosaccharides

Sucrose

Question 9

Polysaccharides

Answer 9

Complex carbs

Question 10

Excess sugar in plants and animals

Answer 10

Stored in Polysaccharides
Animals = glycogen
Plants = starch

Question 11

Proteins

Answer 11

Contain c o h and n

Question 12

Polypeptides

Answer 12

Polymerization of amino acids

Question 13

Protein

Answer 13

One or more polypeptides together with other components
Controls reaction rates, regulates cell processes, forms certain cell structures, transports substances in and out of cell, helps form the immune system

Question 14

4 levels of structures of proteins

Answer 14

Primary structure- sequence of amino acids
Secondary structure- folding/ coiling of amino acid chain into polypeptide
Tertiary structure- 3D arrangement of entire protein include any other attached components
Quadripartite structure- if applicable- describes orientation of multiple polypeptide chains in relation to each other r

Question 15

Lipids are generally not —- in water

Answer 15

Soluble

Question 16

Lipids

Answer 16

Typically used for long term energy storage
Also used to form biological membranes
Steroids- important for communication
Formed by combining molecule of glycerol with 3 fatty acid chains

Question 17

Saturated fat

Answer 17

All single bonds in fatty acid chains with max number of Hs

Tend to be solid at room temp

Question 18

Unsaturated fats

Answer 18

One or more double bonds in fatty acid chains
Tend to be liquid at room temp
Monounsaturated- one double bound
Polyunsaturated- 2 or more double bonds

Question 19

Nucleus acids contain

Answer 19

C H O N and P

Question 20

Nucleic acids

Answer 20

Polymers of monomers called nucleotides 
Nucleotides consist of:
5 carbon sugar
Phosphate group 
Nitrogenous base 
Store and transmit hereditary info in form of DNA and RNA

Question 21

Nucleotides

Answer 21

Sometimes play critical roles in energy transfer in body