Macrolides

Question 1

macrolide drugs

Answer 1

erythromycin
azithromycin
clarithromycin

Question 2

macrolides MOA

Answer 2

inhibit protein synthesis by reversible binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit

Question 3

macrolides bacteriostatic or cidal

Answer 3

static

Question 4

macrolides conc dep or time dep

Answer 4

time dep

Question 5

macrolides mechanisms of resistance

Answer 5

efflux (low level)
change in ribosomal binding site (high)

Question 6

macrolides general spectrum of activity

Answer 6

gram positive, gram negative, anaerobes
narrow spectrum

Question 7

erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin target organisms

Answer 7

legionella
MSSA

Question 8

macrolides do not have activity against what

Answer 8

enterobacterales

Question 9

is there CSF penetration with macrolides

Answer 9

no

Question 10

which drugs require renal dose adjustment in macrolides

Answer 10

clarithro if CrCL < 30

Question 11

adverse effects of macrolides

Answer 11

GI (mostly erythro)
thrombophlebitis, vein irriation
QT prolongation

Question 12

drug interactions with macrolides

Answer 12

they are CYP3A4 inhibitors (except azithromycin)

Question 13

CYP3A4 drugs

Answer 13

warfarin
theophylline
phenytoin
carbamazepine
valproic acid
cyclosporine