Macrocytic Anaemia Flashcards
1
Q
Macrocytic anaemia
A
low haemoglobin levels with MCV >100
2
Q
examples
A
B12 deficiency
Folate deficiency
3
Q
types of cells in macrocytic anaemia
A
megaloblastic:
impairs DNA synthesis
non-megaloblastic:
no impairment on DNA synthesis (hypothyroid, alcohol, liver problems)
4
Q
B12 deficiency
A
Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA synthesis so a lack of this causes problems
causes: pernicious anaemia (IF reduction due to antibodies attacking parietal cells or IF in distal ileum) Crohn's Pancreatic insuffiency malnutrition pregnancy lactating
signs:
neurological signs
anaemia signs
investigations:
FBC
B12 levels
antibodies for IF
management:
better diet
B12 injections for life
5
Q
folate deficiency
A
reduction in folate levels
causes: malnutrition crohn's coeliac alcohol pregnancy and lactating
investigations:
FBC
folate levels
management:
better diet
oral folate
6
Q
what should happen if a patient is deficient in B12 and folate
A
manage B12 levels first before folate
7
Q
what on the blood film can indicate megaloblastic
A
hypersegmented neutrophils
