macro-nutrients

Question 1

protein function

Answer 1

Protein provides amino acids (there are 20, we cant produce 8)
It provides energy
Is needed for growth and maintenance of normal muscles and healthy bones

Complete proteins have all amino acids
Incomplete proteins do not have all amino acids and need to be complemented

Question 2

protein food sources

Answer 2

Complete:
Meat
Poultry
Fish
Eggs
Milk
Incomplete:
Nuts
Seeds
Pulses

Question 3

carbohydrates function

Answer 3

Carbohydrate is the only dietary source of glucose
the body needs a constant supply of glucose which is used as a fuel
we can store a small amount of glucose and we can make it from protein, but isn’t the best use of it

there are 2 types of carbohydrates:
starches (complex carbs) - long chain of glucose molecules
slow absorption which means you’re fuller for longer
sugars (simple carbs) - usually just 1 or 2 molecules
fast absorption for rapid bursts of energy
Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrate molecules
Disaccharides are formed when 2 monosaccharide molecules join

Question 4

carbohydrates food sources

Answer 4

Bread
Wheat
Potatoes
Rice
Pasta
Cereal
Oats
Corn

Question 5

lipids function

Answer 5

Fat provides essential fatty acids that the body cannot make
Is a component of hormones
Carries fat soluble vitamins (a, d, e and k)
Cushions the major organs in the body

there are 3 main types of fats:
Saturated fatty acids (usually animal fats, solid at room temp)
Monounsaturated fatty acids (liquid at room temp, vegetable sources)
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3, 6 and 9)
The structure of the fatty acids determines their effect on our health and their characteristics

Question 6

lipids food sources

Answer 6

saturated fats
butter
cream
chocolate

polyunsaturated fats
nuts
seeds

monosaturated fats
olive oil
avocados