M6.1 Ferrous Flashcards
Josh is what?
Gay
Meg is what?
Bitch ass disabled n** with a fit mum
What is a ferrous metal?
An alloy containing iron
What are the characteristics of pure iron?
. Little deformation resistance
. Ductile
. Soft
. Dense
. Not corrosive resistant
What is the density of pure iron?
7.9g/cm^3
What the ratio of cast iron?
Low strength : weight
How is steel made?
Pig iron / cast iron re-melted in furnace with carbon added
What are the problems with steel?
. High density
. Corrosive
Define strength?
Resistant to deformation
Define tensile strength
Resistant to stretching
Define compressive strength
Resistance to being pressed down on
Define shear strength
Resistance to sliding over each other (e.g shears)
Define torsional strength
Resistance to twisting
Define flexural strength
Resistance to bending
Define fatigue strength
Resistance to repeated loading
Define impact strength
Resistance to repeated beating
Define hardness
Ability to resist cutting, penetration or abrasion
Define malleability
Ability to bend, form, or shape without cracking
Define ductility
Ability to be drawn into wire, or shape without cracking
Define brittleness
Tendency to break or shatter under stress
Define conductivity
Ability to carry electrical or thermal energy
What is Meg?
Bitch wid fit mumma
Define thermal expansion
Ability to expand under heat
Define elasticity
Ability to return to original after stretching or bending
Define toughness
Ability to resist tearing or breaking when bent or stretched
Define fusibilty
Ability for metal to join by heating or melting
Define density
Mass per unit volume
How do alloy ingredients effect steel
Adding small amounts of other materials can change the properties of steel, these include carbon, sulphur, nickel and chromium
What process does carbon allow steel to undergo
Heat treated
If there’s is a high concentration of carbon what happens to the malleability and weldability?
Decreases
What are the percentages for a steel to be low carbon?
0.1 - 0.3
What are the percentages for a steel to be medium carbon?
0.3 - 0.5
What are the percentages for a steel to be high carbon?
0.5 - 1.05
How does sulphur effect steel when rolled?
Become brittle
What does silicon act as?
A hardener
What does phosphorus raise when adds to steel?
Yield strength
What properties does nickel add when added to steel?
Adds strength and hardness
What does chromium do when added to steel?
Increases strength and hardness
What does molybdenum do when added to steel?
. Reduces grain size
. Increases impact strength and elastic limit
What does vanadium do when added to steel?
When with chromium it adds strength, toughness and ductility
What does tungsten do when added to steel?
Increases the Melting Point
What are the characteristics of stainless steel?
. High temperature resistance
. Corrosion resistant
What are the 3 grades of alloyed steel?
. Austenitic
. Ferritic
. Martensitic
Describe the facts you know about Austenitic steel
. Non-heat treatable (can only soften)
. 200/300 series
. Non-magnetic in annealed phase
. Corrosion resistant
Describe the facts you know about Ferritic steel
. Can’t be heat treated (only softened)
. Magnetic, ductile
. Corrosion resistant
. 400 series (409,430)
. Hard to weld
Describe the facts you know about Martensitic steel
. 400 series (410,420
. Corrosion resistant
. Magnetic
. Can be heat treated (hardened)
How many digits are used in the alloy steel classification code?
4
What do the 4 digits in the steel classification code represent? (In general not the numbers in detail)
The chemical composition of the alloy
In detail what do the digits represent in the classification number of steel?
First digit - material type
Second digit - identifies material further
Third/fourth digit - carbon content (e.g 30 = 0.30%)
What does SAE stand for?
Society of Automotive Engineers
What occurs in steel heat treatment?
Heating and cooling carbon steel to change its properties whiteout shape/size change
What is steel?
Iron alloyed with carbon
What are the sections of the phase diagram for carbon steel?
. Ferrite
. Austenite
. Cemenite
. Pearlite
What is ferrite?
Pure iron
What is Austenite?
Cubic form of iron
What is Cemenite?
Chemical compound of carbon and iron, very hard
What is Pearlite?
Layered structure of Ferrite and Cemenite
How is steel hardened?
By raising its temperature and giving time to cool
What does heating and cooling do to an alloys grain structure?
Alters microstructure
Describe Austenite (not Austenitic)
Face cantered cubic crystal, when ferrous metal is heated above critical temperature
Describe Ferrite (not ferritic)
Body centred cubic crystal, crystal structure of ferrous metals before heat treatment
Describe Martensite (not martensitic)
Body centred tetragonal crystal, ferrous metals heated above upper temperature and rapidly quenched
What is the critical temp of metals?
Phase at which changes occur during heating or cooling
Who has a 10 incher?
Lewis
Who is secretly a man?
Meghan bazeley
What is quenching?
Heating and rapidly cooling a material
What is annealing and can they be used on aircraft?
. Softens steels and relieves internal stresses ( soak 10^C above critical limit)
. Can’t be used on aircraft
What is normalising?
Heating steel to 38^C above upper limit and soaking, then left at room temperature to cool.
Any material that’s been welded or forged
What is tempering and what will it do to the material?
Used after quenching as the steel is brittle, decreases hardness and increases ductility. Can only be used for high carbon steel. Low temp process
What can steels temperature be determined with?
Crayons, pellets, paints that melt at certain temp
What is case hardening?
. Used for aircraft components under high pressure
. Makes outer layer hard and core stays soft
What is direct hardening?
. Flame induction/hardening process
. Surface heated very quickly then cooled very quickly
What is flame hardening?
Heating with fire torch then immediately quenching with jet of water
What is induction hardening?
. Heated by induction coil
. Them immediately quenched by water jet
AISI
American iron steel institute
SAE
Steel Automotive engineering
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