M6- Topic 3: Urban dynamics Part 1 Urban Dynamics of Change: Suburbanisation

Question 1

What is suburbanisation

Answer 1

the movement of people, employment and facilities away from the inner city towards the outer urban areas

Question 2

When did major surburbanisation trends begin in sydney (2)

Answer 2

• First wave: 1860-1920

- Second Wave: 1950

Question 3

What was Sydney like before suburbanisation

Answer 3

before 1860: cities based on walk to work structure where people lived close to there employment, creating a condensed city pattern

Question 4

what happened during the first wave of suburbanisation (3)

Answer 4

1860-1920:
Causes:
- Introduces trams and suburban rail networks
- Rising wages
Effect:
- Saw expansion of people away from industrial areas to more suburban areas near rail networks (radial shape)

Question 5

What happened during the second wave of suburbanisation 93)

Answer 5

1950:
Causes
- Cars become cheaper due to advancements in production, increasing efficiency( production time and scale)
- Increase in car ownership
Effects
- allowed for suburban infilling as people no longer required to live near rail networks

Question 6

why did people in Sydney want to live in the suburbs (2)

Answer 6

• “The Australian dream” of the quarter acre block

- The decay/dilapidation of the inner city

Question 7

what were the effects on Sydney as a result of suburbanisation (4)

Answer 7

• Suburbanisation of commerce and industry
• Global economic restructuring and recession (1970’s-80’s) lead to a cutting of manufacturing jobs (primarily located in suburban areas)
• trend of urban sprawling, spreading ad hoc (without planning)
• Formation of suburban business districts (SBDs)

Question 8

What are the consequences of the suburbanization of commerce and industry

Answer 8

• Development of retail, manufacturing and office based jobs ➝ weak city centre, (The doughnut effect)
• Restructured the metropolitan economy (from industry ➝ tertiary work (high intellectual capital)

Question 9

What are the consequences of the cutting of manufacturing jobs due to Global economic restructuring and recession (3)

Answer 9

• 1970’s: suburban unemployment triples
• 1980’s: suburban unemployment doubles
• Leading to inequality between suburbs

Question 10

What are the consequences of the urban sprawl of Sydney’s suburbs (3)

Answer 10

• social inequality, the further from the city centre (CBD (richest) ➝ suburbs ➝fringe(poorest))
• lower, land prices, and availability of services
• Social dislocation of household mothers and teenagers

Question 11

What are the consequences for Sydney due to the creation of suburban business districts

Answer 11

-creates self sufficient urban entities with their own economic and cultural activities

Question 12

What is happening to Suburbanisation in Sydney now (2)

Answer 12

• Suburbanisation has slowed, due to increase in house prices
• Leading to a increase in the amount of people moving back into CBD, in high density living areas (urban consolidation)

Question 13

Who the people moving back into the inner city (3)

Answer 13

• DINKS: double income no kids
• Guppies: young upwardly mobile professional people
• Empty Nesters: Parents with children who have moved out