M5 IQ 1 Topic 3 - Ecosystems and their management: The importance of the ecosystem management and protection

Question 1

why is the ecosystem so important

Answer 1

The diversity of life, provides the basis of planetary processes & the wellbeing of the people in general

Question 2

what is the acronym for the reasons why we should protect the ecosystem and what does it stand for(1(5))

Answer 2

HUGIN:

• Heritage value
• Utility value
• Genetic diversity maintenance
• Intrinsic Value
• Need for Natural change

Question 3

What is “The World Heritage Conservation Councils” definition of natural heritage

Answer 3

natural features consisting of physical and biological formations, which are of outstanding value from a aethstetic or scientific point of view

Question 4

List examples of Natural Heritage sites (2)

Answer 4

The Great barrier reef

The Amazon

Question 5

why is preservation of an ecosystem for its heritage value important

Answer 5

to allow for the future enjoyment for the next generation.

Question 6

why is preservation of an ecosystem for its utility value important

Answer 6

as all living and nonliving components of the earth’s ecosystem have the potential for utilisation, which maximise humanity’s ability to adapt to change

Question 7

list potential uses for components of the ecosystem (2)

Answer 7

Food

Medicine

Question 8

Why is food an important reason to protect the ecosystem

Answer 8

To ensure these crops have larger variety of adaptations to avoid poorer farmers from swapping to more vulnerable, higher yielding crops.

Question 9

why is medicine an important reason to protect the ecosystem (1(2))

Answer 9

Plants, animals & micro-organisms have been found to be sources of medicine to fight human diseases:

• 250 000 plants have been identified to have pharmaceutical value. Only 5000 have been examined
• 400 modern drugs are ‘plant’ based drugs

Question 10

List examples of plant based medicine, there source and their use (3)

Answer 10

• Resource: Hyoscine,
  Source: Plant extract
  Use: stomach, disorders & motion sickness
• Resource: Curare
  Source: poison from vines
  Use: Muscle relaxerin surgery
• Resources: Vincristine
  Source: Rosy Periwinkle
  Use: Hodgkin’s Disease

Question 11

what is genetic diversity

Answer 11

the variety of genes within a certain species.

Question 12

what are genes

Answer 12

the basis for all life on earth, which dictate organisms characteristics and adaptations

Question 13

why is preservation of an ecosystem for its Genetic diversity important

Answer 13

Have greater resilience to stress events, ensure that resources and genetic material can be used for future needs

Question 14

list an example of protection of genetic diversity

Answer 14

Ken Street, Australian seed hunter: ancient variety of chickpea, potential to ‘save the hungry planet’ has the “genetic toughness” to exist in harsh climates, help during climate change

Question 15

why is preservation of an ecosystem for its Intrinsic Value important

Answer 15

provides many of the spiritual inspirational & aesthetic needs of people

Question 16

what is an intrinsic approach to management ecosystems

Answer 16

respect, the right of ecosystem to exist irrespective of their utility value

Question 17

what is an Instrumental approach to management of ecosystems

Answer 17

Involves the manipulation of pools of resources, through practices such as genetic engineering, to provide a source of profit

Question 18

what are the values of intrinsic approach to management (2)

Answer 18

Aesthetic Value

Spiritual Value

Question 19

what is aesthetic value

Answer 19

the appreciation of the visual & ecological qualities of the environment

Question 20

what is Spiritual Value

Answer 20

cultural beliefs & traditions, believing to have an obligation to protect & preserve the spirit of the land

Question 21

why is preservation of an ecosystem for its need to allow for natural change important

Answer 21

To lower the amount of stress a ecosystem is subjected to anyone time, to ensure the evolutionary process continues undisturbed.

Question 22

What factors allow for ecosystems to go through natural change (5)

Answer 22

Enough Area
Boundaries
The interest of local people
A Buffer zone
Effective resources & management