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OMM Final Exam > M2T1 OMM Midterm > Flashcards

M2T1 OMM Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

There is a herniation of the meninges through the defect in ________ and herniation of the meninges and nerve roots through the defect in ________. These are both types of spina bifida ________.

A

Meningocele, meningomyelocele, aperta

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2
Q

Which ligament is responsible for creating the lesser and greater sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrospinous

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3
Q

The posterior Chapman’s point for the ovaries is ________.

A

Between T9/T10 and T10/T11 transverse processes

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4
Q

A distal stone in the ureter can produce pain in the ________ region.

A

Inguinal

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5
Q

One sexual dimorphism of the pelvis is that ________ have a shorter, wider sacrum that curves posteriorly.

A

Women

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6
Q

The annulus fibrosus is innervated by the ________ nerve.

A

Sinuvertebral

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7
Q

The most common type of spondylolisthesis is ________.

A

Isthmic

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8
Q

What are the potentially serious conditions that you want to rule out in someone with low back pain?

A

Fracture, tumor, infection, cauda equina syndrome

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9
Q

A failure of bone to form is called ________.

A

Aplasia

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10
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the prostate is located on the ________.

A

Right lateral thigh

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11
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the esophagus is the ________.The posterior Chapman’s point for the esophagus is ________.

A

2nd rib spaceBetween the spinous process and transverse process of T2

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12
Q

The term for arthritis of the spine is ________.

A

Spondylosis

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13
Q

Anomalies of the lumbar spine are the ________ most common anomaly.

A

Third

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14
Q

Treatment for spondylolisthesis is usually ________.

A

Conservative

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15
Q

Similar to spondylolisthesis, transitional segment treatment is ________.

A

Conservative

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16
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the prostate can be found at ________.

A

T10-L2

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17
Q

This type of pelvis can be problematic with certain positions of fetal head engagement.

A

Anthropoid

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18
Q

What is the diagnosis for a patient with a positive left prone pelvic test, left superior ASIS, and right superior PSIS?

A

Left posterior innominate rotation

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19
Q

Back pain associated with ________ does not affect trunk mobility.

A

Prostatitis

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20
Q

Which muscles are responsible for keeping the urogenital hiatus closed?

A

Lavatory ani (iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis)

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21
Q

Pelvic rotation aids in ambulation by ________.

A

Increasing leg reach

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22
Q

A positive standing flexion test on the right and a negative seated flexion test on the right tells you ________ about rotation.

A

Nothing

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23
Q

Greater muscle damage has been linked to which type of muscle contraction?

A

Eccentric

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24
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes from GERD will present at ________ (lower esophagus) or ________ (stomach).

A

T5-T6, T10

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25
Q

Rocking the sacral base, mobilization of the respiratory and pelvic diaphragms, indirect treatments, and HVLA can all be used to treat ________.

A

Dysmenorrhea

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26
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the ovaries and testes are found at ________.

A

T10-T11

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27
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the uterus is at the ________.

A

Junction of the ramus of the pubes and ischium

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28
Q

The posterior Chapman’s points for the kidney is ________.

A

Midway between the spinous and transverse processes of T12 and L1

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29
Q

The posterior Chapman’s point for the uterus is ________.

A

Between the spinous process of L5 and the PSIS

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30
Q

Parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the proximal ureter are found at ________.

A

Occiput, C1, C2

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31
Q

Lack of ________ in the diet can lead to neural tube defects.

A

Folate

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32
Q

What are the most common causes of low back pain?

A

Age related degenerative disc diseaseDegenerative facetsMuscle, tendon, fascial, and ligament injuries

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33
Q

A standing flexion test that is positive on the fight and a seated flexion test that is negative on the right identifies a ________ dysfunction.

A

Iliosacral

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34
Q

The ________ measures the mobility of the kidney by measuring the distance traveled by the right superior renal pole from the right diaphragmatic crus.

A

Kidney mobility score (KMS)

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35
Q

Mechanical low back pain is best treated by early ________ and ________.

A

Mobilization, physiotherapy

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36
Q

If a patient does not like to extend, you should be thinking of potential ________.

A

Degenerative disc disease

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37
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the thoracic esophagus is from ________ and abdominal esophagus is from ________.

A

T3-T5, T5-T8

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38
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the descending colon is from ________ on the ________.

A

L1-L3, left

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39
Q

Straightening up from a bent position can generate up to ________ pounds of force in the lumbosacral region.

A

500

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40
Q

The ________ nerve provides innervation to the external genitalia, sphincters of the bladder and rectum, and pelvic floor muscles.

A

Pudendal

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41
Q

________ is a symptom that should make you suspicious of cancer.

A

Night pain (unrelieved by change of position)

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42
Q

Impairment of a nerve root usually causing neurological symptoms related to that nerve root level is called ________.

A

Radiculopathy

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43
Q

A fracture in the pars interarticularis is known as a ________.

A

Spondylolysis

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44
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes for the appendix are found at ________ on the ________ side.

A

T9-T12, right

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45
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes for the ureters can be found at ________.

A

T11-L3

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46
Q

What types of OMT are good for acute low back pain?

A

Myofascial release, muscle energy, and counterstrain

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47
Q

The ASIS compression test helps to ________ a somatic dysfunction and the side of restriction is designated as a ________ test.

A

Lateralize, positive

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48
Q

Parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the prostate are found at ________.

A

S2-S4

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49
Q

A thin elongated pars interarticularis that is prone to fracture is seen in ________ spondylolisthesis.

A

Dysplastic/congenital

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50
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the pancreas is from ________ and is typically ________.

A

T5-T9, bilateral (tends to be more right sided)

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51
Q

What are the three accessory ligaments of the pelvis?

A

SacrospinousSacrotuberousIliolumbar

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52
Q

The descending aorta receives its sympathetic innervation from the ________, ________, and ________ ganglia.

A

Celiac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric

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53
Q

This type of pelvis is ideal for birth.

A

Gynecoid

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54
Q

Weight bearing, weight transfer, point of attachment, and a vessel of protection are all functions of what?

A

The pelvis

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55
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes for the kidneys can be found at ________.

A

T9-L1

56
Q

Abnormal growth of bone is called ________.

A

Dysplasia

57
Q

When a anomaly is ________, it involves a single vertebra.

A

Localized

58
Q

Transitional segments can either occur as ________ or ________.

A

Sacralization, lumbarization

59
Q

An open kinetic chain is one in which the terminal joint is ________.

A

Free

60
Q

In cholecystitis, if the diaphragm is agitated, you could see referred pain in the right shoulder via the ________ nerve coming from _______ spinal levels.

A

Phrenic, C3-C5

61
Q

Bending forward from a ________ position may be more stressful to the discs than bending forward from a ________ position.

A

Seated, standing

62
Q

Facet tropism can be seen on x-ray as an absence of the ________.

A

Zygopophyseal joint

63
Q

________ represents a stress fracture or anomalous development of the pars interarticularis.

A

Spondylolysis

64
Q

In irritable bowel syndrome, sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes for the small intestine would be found at ________ and for the large intestine would be found at ________.

A

T8-T11, T10-L3

65
Q

After a certain point in hip flexion, the lower pole becomes engaged and causes the sacral base to ________.

A

Extend

66
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes or the bladder and urethra can be found at ________.

A

T11-L3

67
Q

During right heel strike, the right innominate rotates ________.

A

Anteriorly

68
Q

What is the diagnosis for a patient with a positive right pelvic compression test, right inferior ASIS, and right superior PSIS?

A

Right anterior innominate rotation

69
Q

The area formed by the dimples at the PSIS, lines formed by the gluteal muscles, and the groove at the lower end of the spine is known as the ________.

A

Rhomboid of Michaelis

70
Q

________ is usually due to stress or fatigue fractures of the pars interarticularis of the named vertebrae.

A

Spondylolisthesis

71
Q

An example of arrested development is ________.

A

Spina bifida

72
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the uterus are found at ________.

A

T9-L2 (bilaterally)

73
Q

Parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the uterus are found at ________.

A

S2-S4

74
Q

Nociceptive fibers innervate the annulus fibrosus in its ________ fibers.

A

Outer

75
Q

A loss of bowel and bladder control and numbness in the groin, associated with weakness in the lower extremities is known as ________.

A

Cauda equina syndrome

76
Q

The piriformis and the ________ have been found to have fascia that is continuous.

A

Biceps femoris

77
Q

Low back pain is the ________ most common symptom-related reason for visits to primary care physicians.

A

Second

78
Q

Pyelonephritis usually presents with ________ flank pain, as compared with ureterolithiasis.

A

Bilateral

79
Q

The tendency for facets to change or turn is called ________.

A

Facet tropism

80
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the ascending colon is the ________ on the ________.The posterior Chapman’s point for the ascending colon is from the ________ to the ________.

A

IT band (lateral thigh), rightTransverse processes of L2-L4, iliac crest

81
Q

During hip flexion, which portion of the sacroiliac articulation allows for the sacral base to also flex?

A

Upper pole

82
Q

The thoracic aorta receives its sympathetic innervation from ________.

A

T1-T5

83
Q

Prostatitis can radiate to the ________ and ________.

A

Perineum, penis

84
Q

Parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the kidney are found at ________.

A

Occiput, C1, C2

85
Q

________ is characterized by anomalous enlargement of the transverse process(es) of the most caudal vertebra.

A

Bertolotti’s syndrome

86
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the ascending and proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon are at ________ on the ________ and ________, respectively.

A

T10-L1, right, bilaterally

87
Q

As grading of spondylolisthesis goes from 1-4, the degree of slippage ________.

A

Increases

88
Q

OMM treatment for spondylolisthesis is usually ________ oriented.

A

Myofascially

89
Q

In one study, there was a significant ________ in patients with non-specific low back pain compared to asymptomatic controls.

A

Decrease

90
Q

In a standing flexion test, the dysfunctional side is the side in which the PSIS ________.

A

Travels

91
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the liver is the ________ on the ________.The posterior Chapman’s point for the liver is ________ on the ________.

A

5th and 6th rib space, rightBetween the transverse processes of T5 and T6, and T6 and T7, right

92
Q

A failure of bone to grow to normal size is called ________.

A

Hypoplasia

93
Q

What are the sympathetic levels for the kidneys, gonads, upper ureter, and adrenal glands?

A

T10-T11

94
Q

Overgrowth of bone is called ________.

A

Hypertrophy

95
Q

The pubic symphysis can be sheared ________ and is the most common type of shear.

A

Vertically (superior shear)

96
Q

Parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the distal ureter are found at ________.

A

S2-S4

97
Q

The anterior, posterior, and interosseous sacroiliac ligaments are all ________ ligaments of the pelvis.

A

True

98
Q

Facilitation of the paraspinal musculature preceding and with the onset of menstruation is likely due to ________.

A

Dysmenorrhea

99
Q

The ________ pelvis contains the pelvic and lower abdominal organs.

A

Lesser or true

100
Q

Susceptible populations for spondylolisthesis consist of ________, ________, and ________.

A

Gymnasts, dancers, paratroopers

101
Q

________ defects are the second most prevalent congenital anomaly worldwide.

A

Neural tube

102
Q

________ variables are stronger predictors of long-term disability than anatomical findings found on imaging studies.

A

Psychosocial

103
Q

The posterior Chapman’s point for the prostate is located ________.

A

Between the spinous process of L5 and the PSIS

104
Q

What is the diagnosis for a patient with a positive right standing flexion test, right superior ASIS, and right superior PSIS?

A

Right superior sheared innominate

105
Q

Esophageal spasm can have sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes from ________ on the ________ side.

A

T5-T10, right

106
Q

The innominates rotate anteriorly and posteriorly around the ________ axis of the sacrum.

A

Inferior transverse

107
Q

A closed kinetic chain is one in which the terminal joint meets ________.

A

Restriction

108
Q

This type of pelvis is responsible for the most birthing difficulties.

A

Android

109
Q

Innominate and pubic shears are known as ________ innominate somatic dysfunction.

A

Non-physiologic

110
Q

Sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes for the gallbladder and liver are found at ________ on the ________.

A

T5-T10, right

111
Q

If a somatic dysfunction is treated a number of times but keeps returning, it could be due to an underlying ________ pathology.

A

Visceral

112
Q

Having extra vertebrae or fingers is called ________.

A

Supernumerary parts

113
Q

An incomplete fusion or malformation of the bone and neural structures of the spine region by errors in the closure of the neural tube is known as ________.

A

Spinal dysraphism

114
Q

What is the diagnosis for a patient with a positive right standing flexion test, right superior ASIS, and right inferior PSIS?

A

Right posterior innominate rotation

115
Q

Parity, vaginal delivery, age, and increased BMI are all risk factors for ________.

A

Prolapse

116
Q

Why is the thoracolumbar junction commonly overlooked for spinal disorders?

A

It refers pain to areas lower than the actual junction

117
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the stomach is the ________ on the ________.The posterior Chapman’s point for the stomach is ________ on the ________.

A

5th and 6th rib space, leftBetween the transverse processes of T5 and T6, and T6 and T7, right

118
Q

During right toe-off, the right innominate rotates ________.

A

Posteriorly

119
Q

Peripheral diaphragm inflammation can lead to referred pain in the ________ below the ________.

A

Back, inferior angle of the scapula

120
Q

A local, segmental, or generalized narrowing of the vertebral canal by bone or soft tissue is called ________.

A

Spinal stenosis

121
Q

Anterior displacement of L5 is usually due to a ________.

A

Spondylolisthesis

122
Q

An anterior displacement of a vertebra on the one beneath it is called a ________.

A

Spondylolisthesis

123
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the ovaries is at the ________.

A

Superior aspect of the junction of the pubes

124
Q

This type of pelvis causes the head to engage later.

A

Platypelloid

125
Q

Pain in ureterolithiasis typically begins at the ________ junction.

A

Thoracolumbar

126
Q

Gastric sympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes will be found at ________ on the ________ side.

A

T5-T10, left

127
Q

A symptom that helps elucidate mechanical low back pain is ________.

A

Pain a rest

128
Q

________ is the most common congenital abnormality of the spine.

A

Spina bifida

129
Q

Anterior and posterior rotations of the innominate are known as ________ innominate somatic dysfunctions.

A

Physiologic

130
Q

In spina bifida ________, there is no herniation of the meninges through the defect.

A

Occulta

131
Q

Parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the bladder and urethra are found at ________.

A

S2-S4

132
Q

The UGI pattern that is classically seen is composed of what?

A

C2 leftT3-T6 right (esophagus)T5-T10 left (stomach)T6-T8 right (duodenum)

133
Q

If a patient is standing very erect and does not like to flex at the hips due to shooting pain, you should be thinking of a potential ________.

A

Disc pathology

134
Q

Parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflexes of the ovaries and testes are found at ________.

A

Occiput, C1, C2

135
Q

A combination of several successively arranged joints consisting of a complex motor unit is known as a ________.

A

Kinetic chain

136
Q

Schmorl’s nodes represent herniation of the ________ into the adjacent end plate.

A

Nucleus pulposus

137
Q

The anterior Chapman’s point for the gallbladder is the ________ on the ________.The posterior Chapman’s point for the gallbladder is ________ on the ________.

A

6th rib space, rightBetween the transverse processes of T6 and T7, right

OMM Final Exam (12 decks)

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