M2. U2. RF.

Question 1

the effect created when the radiant energy of the sun becomes trapped inside the atmosphere and the heat is kept inside

Answer 1

greenhouse effect

Question 2

gas molecules in the earth’s atmosphere that absorb heat energy in the form of infrared rays

Answer 2

greenhouse gases

Question 3

the increase in the earth’s temperature as a result of an Enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 3

global warming

Question 4

the primary greenhouse gas released by human activities

Answer 4

carbon dioxide

Question 5

the breakdown of organic matter by anaerobic bacteria

Answer 5

decomposition

Question 6

the main gas released by the natural decomposition of organic material and besides carbon dioxide the largest contributor to the Enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 6

methane

Question 7

the sum of all CO2 emissions resulting from human activities within a given period of time

Answer 7

carbon footprint

Question 8

the process through which semi-arid or arid land is transformed into a desert

Answer 8

desertification

Question 9

poor farming practice when too many livestock are allowed to Graze on a piece of land without giving it enough time to recover

Answer 9

overgrazing

Question 10

the permanent destruction of natural indigenous trees and bushes by chopping or burning to clear an area for other purposes

Answer 10

deforestation

Question 11

a highly reactive gas with each molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms

Answer 11

ozone

Question 12

the most commonly-used ozone reducing substance

Answer 12

chlorofluorocarbons

Question 13

land that is saturated with surface or groundwater

Answer 13

wetlands

Question 14

plants that are intentionally or accidentally brought into an area outside their natural habitat will country and then become established

Answer 14

alien or exotic plants

Question 15

a permeable underground water bearing layer of Rock from which water can be drawn by means of a borehole

Answer 15

aquifer

Question 16

the characteristic of substances that indicates that they can be naturally broken down by microorganisms

Answer 16

biodegradable

Question 17

urine faeces and other household waste that is mixed with water

Answer 17

sewage

Question 18

type of pollution that occurs when some Industries use water as a coolant and release large quantities of hot water into rivers and oceans

Answer 18

thermal pollution

Question 19

a drastic increase in the growth of freshwater algae due to a high concentration of minerals in the water

Answer 19

algal Bloom

Question 20

a process that occurs when oxygen demand exceeds oxygen supply in the water resulting in the death of many Aquatic organisms

Answer 20

eutrophication

Question 21

the liquid forms when reactive minerals in the Rocks like metal sulfides come into contact with mining wastewater

Answer 21

acid mine water

Question 22

alien plants that crowding-out compute indigenous plants

Answer 22

invasive plants

Question 23

a phenomenon where all people have access to sufficient safe nutritious food to live an active and healthy life

Answer 23

food security

Question 24

a Farming practice where a single crop is planted on the same piece of land for a number of consecutive years

Answer 24

monoculture

Question 25

organic or inorganic material that is added to the soil to supplement nutrients

Answer 25

fertilizer

Question 26

a process whereby organisms with the genes for desired characteristics are inbred

Answer 26

selective breeding

Question 27

the deliberate changing of an organisms characteristics by manipulating it’s genetic material

Answer 27

genetic modification

Question 28

the destruction of the natural home of a certain plant or animal species

Answer 28

habitat destruction

Question 29

the phenomenon that occurs when parts of a large undisturbed habitat r destroyed and the habitat is divided into smaller pieces

Answer 29

habitat fragmentation

Question 30

the building of houses and Industries and the construction of roads to accommodate the growing population

Answer 30

urbanisation

Question 31

illegal hunting and trapping of animals

Answer 31

poaching

Question 32

the strategy to control alien invasive plants by cutting or chopping or burning them down

Answer 32

mechanical control

Question 33

strategy to control invasive plants by using chemical herbicides

Answer 33

chemical control

Question 34

strategy to control invasive plants using natural enemies from their natural habitat to destroy them

Answer 34

biological control

Question 35

the knowledge that cultures have gained over many generations through their interaction with the environment

Answer 35

indigenous knowledge

Question 36

the use of natural resources to provide for human needs yet and sharing there is sufficient provision for future generations

Answer 36

sustainable use

Question 37

a perennial shrubs endemic to the Cederberg used for making a herbal tea with a distinctive taste and red colour

Answer 37

Rooibos

Question 38

a type of vegetation found exclusively in the Western Cape including reads Proteas and ericas

Answer 38

fynbos

Question 39

the planet discovered by the San people of the Kalahari to suppress the hunger and thirst during hunting expeditions

Answer 39

hoodia gordonii

Question 40

a dump site where solid waste is dumped into a giant hole in the ground and later covered with soil

Answer 40

Landfill

Question 41

a site where Munich municipalities do not practice effective waste management and waste is dumped on top of the ground and not covered

Answer 41

open landfill or garbage dump

Question 42

a method of rehabilitating a land filled by using green plants to absorb toxins from the ground, water, sediment, and air

Answer 42

phytoremediation

Question 43

the gas released in landfills that is used to generate electricity

Answer 43

methane gas

Question 44

the type of waste produced by nuclear power stations like Koeberg near Cape Town

Answer 44

nuclear waste

Question 45

the type of waste that releases energy in the form of radiation

Answer 45

radioactive waste