M11.5.2 Flashcards
How far can VHF travel?
200nautical miles
What is the highest radio frequency we can use?
Extremely high frequency at 30-300GHz
What do microphones transform acoustics into?
Electrical signals
What do loudspeakers transform electrical signals into?
Acoustics
Where are static dischargers located?
At all sharp trailing edges
How is static electricity built up on the skin of the aircraft?
Air friction
What is the only microphone to have a push-to-talk switch?
The handheld microphone
What is the flight interphone used for?
Communication between the cockpit and crew members
What will having moisture or dirt in the service jacks do?
It will create ‘noise’
What is passenger address system used for?
To give information to the passengers
What are the two types of cockpit voice recorders?
- analogue tape recorder
- digital solid state recorder
How much information does the analogue tape recorder store?
The last 30 minutes of the flight on an endless tape
How much information does the digital solid stat recorder store?
The last 120 minutes of the flight in a memory
Where is the cockpit voice recorder located?
Near the flight data recorder in the tail section
When does the cockpit voice recorder start recording?
When number 1 engine is started or in flight
When do the recordings stop with the cockpit voice recorder?
5 minutes after shutdown of the last engine
What is the frequency for international emergencies?
121.5MHz
What are the spacing between frequency channels?
25kHz (8.3kHz in Europe)
How many frequency channels are available?
760 (2,000 in Europe)
Why are the frequency spacings smaller and more channels need in Europe?
Because more are needed in high flight levels
When is HF communication used?
Long distance communication
What is used to communicate to areas that are outside the ‘line of sight’?
The ionosphere around the world
Why is the ionosphere not reliable?
Because it changes due to time of day and solar activity
What is used in modern day communication systems to replace HF?
SATCOM
What does ACARS stand for?
Aircraft communication addressing and reporting system
What is the data transfer from satellite to ground called?
Downlink
What is the data transfer from the ground to aircraft called?
Uplink
When is a (ETA) estimated time of arrival report sent?
Automatically at 120,20,7minutes from arrival
When is a OUT report automatically sent?
When all doors are shut and movement is sensed
When is a OFF report automatically sent?
When the aircraft takes off
When is a engine report sent?
Whenever a engine problem occurs
When is a ON report automatically sent?
When the aircraft touches down
When is a IN report automatically sent?
When the first aircraft door is opened
Who sends manual ACARS?
The pilot, ground staff, ATC
When is a LOAD SHEET report manually sent?
During take off by ground staff
When is a CALL request manually sent?
When ground staff want to contact the aircraft
When is a ATC request manually sent?
When ATC want to give information to the aircraft
When is a REPORT request manually sent?
When flight crew require specific formation
When is CREW & PAX information manually sent?
To give information for crew or passengers for arrival
When is a MAINTENANCE report manually sent?
To send test results or maintenance reports to airline maintenance
How many SATCOM ground earth stations are there worldwide?
255
What are the three types of emergency locator transmitters?
- fixed
- portable
- fixed / portable
How are emergency locator transmitter powered and for how long?
By an internal battery for 48 hours
When do buoyant type emergency locator transmitters start emitting?
When the battery touches water
When do fixed type emergency locator transmitters start emitting?
When they fell a load of 5G or more
When is the instrument landing system mainly used?
When the aircraft is landing in poor visibility
What does ICAO stand for?
International civil aviation organisation
What direct does the aircraft compass point towards?
The magnetic north
What is meant by the aircrafts track?
The direction in which an aircraft is moving over the earth
What is meant by aircraft heading?
The direction the aircraft is pointing in
What is meant by aircraft drift?
The difference between heading and track
What is meant by relative bearing?
The direction from the aircraft heading to an object
What is meant by true bearing?
The angle between true north and an object
What is meant by magnetic bearing?
The angle between magnetic north and an object
What does the instrument landing system do?
It provides lateral and vertical position data for the approach of the aircraft
What does one dot indicate on the instrument landing system?
1° of deviation
How much is one dot equal to in the glide slope?
0.35° devastation
What are the different types of poor weather landing categories?
- CAT 1 (800m)
- CAT 2 (400m)
- CAT 3 (200m)
What are the three types of marker beacons?
- inner marker (no longer used)
- middle marker
- outer marker
What is the frequency for marker beacons?
75MHz
What height does the radio altimeter system activate?
Below 2,500ft
What does the ground proximity waning system do?
It warns the flight crew when the aircraft gets too close to the ground
When does the ground proximity warning system normally activate?
Less than 2,500ft
What are pop-up functions?
When the EFIS automatically switches to the necessary information
What are the three identification codes that must never be selected on the ground?
- 7500 hijacking
- 7600 radio failure
- 7700 emergency
What does GPS stand for?
Global Positioning System
How many satellites are used for GPS navigation?
- Primary and 3 spare
How long does it take a satellite to orbit the earth?
12 hours
What type of aircraft use precision positioning service?
Military aircraft
What frequency do most standard positions services use on aircraft?
1575.42MHz
How many GPSs are installed?
2
What are the three types of accelerometers?
- electrolyte
- mass and spring
- pendulum
What is the jo of the flight management system?
To reduce pilot workload and improve safety and economy
What is used to dampen Dutch roll oscillations?
The yaw damper
Where is the autopilot control panel located?
On the glare shield
What two channels are used in the autopilot?
- pitch channel
- roll channel
What angle is roll limited to?
30°
What angle is nose up limited to?
25°
What angle is nose down limited to?
10°
On the artificial horizon what does the vertical line indicate?
Aircraft roll (roll bar)
On the artificial horizon what does the horizontal line indicate?
Aircraft pitch (pitch bar)
What does the V-bar replace on the artificial horizon?
Pitch bar and roll bar
What is a combiner?
The glass mirror in the cock pit that’s used as a HUD
What does a combiner allow the pilot to do?
To see all important data and the runway at the same time
