M&R

Question 1

What is the best environment for the protein in the mmebrane. what are they associated with

Answer 1

cholesterol poor associated with cytoskeleton

Question 2

What is the difference between lipid and protein motion

Answer 2

lipds and proteins: lateral and rotational movements, kink/ conformation changes
lipids also flip-flop

Question 3

what are the two types of membrane protein

Answer 3

integral (20 aa spanning domain) and peripheral

Question 4

describe the structure of erthrocyte cytoskeleton

Answer 4

spectrin cytoskeleton is attached to the membrane via ankerin and band 3 and cross-linked to network via actin protofilaments and band 4.1

Question 5

What is the function of the cytoskeleton

Answer 5

alows deformation and so the elsticity of the membrane

Question 6

what are the characteristic of herdiitory sphenocytosis

Answer 6

autosomal dominant

abnormal erythrocyte cytoskeleton, lysis in the spleen; treated by trasnfusion

Question 7

What are the characteristics of heriditary elliptocytosis

Answer 7

eliptoid RBC that are fragile

Question 8

which ends of protein are in the lumen and swhich in cytoplasm

Answer 8

lumen => N

cytoplasm => C

Question 9

define permeqability coefficient

Answer 9

The value used to show level of permeability.

Smaller the number the more permeable it is.

Question 10

Withe tha raise in Ca in the cell what is it scaveneged by

Answer 10

ATP, parvalbumins, calreticulin, calbindin and calsequestrin

Question 11

name a competitive blocker and depolarisation blocker anaesthetics

Answer 11

tubocurarine and succinylcholine

Question 12

what is the difference between receptor and enzyme Kd

Answer 12

Receptor KD 10-9 M – 10-6 M
Enzyme KM 10-6 M – 10-3 M
Anaesthetics 10^-3 M

Question 13

what are membrane receptors couppled to

Answer 13

ion channel, enzyme, transduction protein

Question 14

what is found in the coated pits

Answer 14

clathrin

Question 15

What is the proces of internalisation of lipoproteins

Answer 15

binding to LDL receptor via ApoB
vesicular formation
uncoating via ATP dependent protein
endosmal fusion => acid pH
Dissociation of LDL receptor which is targeted to golgi
endosome fuses with lysosome
Ligand is degradaed and receptor recycled

Question 16

define endosome

Answer 16

Compartment for the Uncoupling of Receptor and Ligand (CURL).

Question 17

How is iron taken up by cells

Answer 17

lignad recycled receptor recycled proces
Apotransfferin ind receptor in coated pit
apotransfferin remains bound to receptor and recycled with it
iron released in the cell

Question 18

How is immunoglobulin taken up by cells

Answer 18

Ligand transported receptor transported

immunoglobin released by cleavage of receptor

Question 19

How is glucose taken up by cells

Answer 19

ligand and receptors both targeted for distruction

Question 20

Where do ligands bind on GPCRs

Answer 20

2-3 transmembrane domain OR

N terminal

Question 21

What is the pathogenic process in cholera

Answer 21

permanent activation of alpha s subunit => opening of water channels. Caused by Vibrio cholerae.

Question 22

what is the patholology of pertussis toxin

Answer 22

permanent deactivation of alpha i =>irreversable inactivation

Question 23

give examples of Gs coupled GPCRs

Answer 23

beta-adrenoreceptor, D1 H2

Question 24

give examples of Gi coupled GPCRs

Answer 24

alpha 2 adrenoreceptor

D2 mu-opioid receptor

Question 25

give examples of Gq coupled receptors

Answer 25

alpha1-adrenoreceptor, M1, H1