CVS Flashcards
what two tucbes come together to form endocardila tube
angioblastic tubes from splanchnic mesoder
what are the 5 parts of enocardiac tube that develop into heart
Truncus arteriosus bulbus cords ventricle atrium sinus venosus
`what processes give raise to different pericardial sinuses
transverse => ventral and caudal folding
coronary => remanenece of left sines venosus
oblique => expansion of L atrium into pulmonary trunk
What conditions commonly are combined wth congenital heart defects
CATCH 22, Turner’s Down’s Malfan’s
what is the condition when blood gets shunted from right to left
Eisenmenger syndrome
what are the congenatile defects that affct atrium
atrial septal defects, sines venosus defects (RA-RPV), Patent foramen ovaly
define contractility
force of contrraction per given fiber length
whot’s the eqation for mean arterial volume
diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure
what receptors innervate heart and what is their effect
M2=>Gi => -ve chronotrophic
beta 1 => Gs => +ve iontrophic and chronpthrophic
where are beta 2 receptors found in circulatin
skeletal muscles, myocardiuma nd liver
what do following indicate: long QT Long PR wide QRS ST elevation/ depression
long QT=> pro-arrhythmic
Long PR => heart block
wide QRS => abnormal peacemakers
ST elevation/ depression => MI
what are two ways to surgical intervention in MI
Percutenous intravascular intervention
coronary artery bypass graft
what are the ECG changes with high K+
6.5 -7 mmol/L Tall, peaked T waves 8 mmol/L Prolonged P-R Interval Tall T waves ST Segment depression 9 mmol/L Widened QRS Interval 10 mmol/L Ventricular fibrillation
what are the absolut contrainidaction for thrombolysis
o History of stroke (haemorrhage or unknown type)
o Ischaemic stroke < 1month ago
Peptic ulcer
o Bleeding disorder
o Aortic dissection
o Major trauma/head injury/surgery <3weeks
what are the relativecontrainidaction for thrombolysis
• History of TIA < 6 months • Warfarin therapy • Pregnancy or 1 week post-partum • Refractory hypertension o >180 mmHg systolic o >110 mmHg diastolic • Advanced liver disease • Active peptic ulcer disease • Prolonged resuscitation
